:: Metrics in Cartesian Product
:: by Stanis{\l}awa Kanas and Jan Stankiewicz
::
:: Received September 27, 1990
:: Copyright (c) 1990 Association of Mizar Users


begin

scheme :: METRIC_3:sch 1
LambdaMCART{ F1() -> non empty set , F2() -> non empty set , F3() -> non empty set , F4( set , set , set , set ) -> Element of F3() } :
ex f being Function of [:[:F1(),F2():],[:F1(),F2():]:],F3() st
for x1, y1 being Element of F1()
for x2, y2 being Element of F2()
for x, y being Element of [:F1(),F2():] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
f . x,y = F4(x1,y1,x2,y2)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
func dist_cart2 X,Y -> Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL means :Def1: :: METRIC_3:def 1
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
it . x,y = (dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2);
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL st
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = (dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = (dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2) ) & ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b2 . x,y = (dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def1 defines dist_cart2 METRIC_3:def 1 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for b3 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL holds
( b3 = dist_cart2 X,Y iff for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b3 . x,y = (dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2) );

theorem Th5: :: METRIC_3:1
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds
( (dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th6: :: METRIC_3:2
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds (dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y = (dist_cart2 X,Y) . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th7: :: METRIC_3:3
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y, z being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds (dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,z <= ((dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y) + ((dist_cart2 X,Y) . y,z)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
let x, y be Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:];
func dist2 x,y -> Real equals :: METRIC_3:def 2
(dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y;
coherence
(dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y is Real ;
end;

:: deftheorem defines dist2 METRIC_3:def 2 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds dist2 x,y = (dist_cart2 X,Y) . x,y;

registration
let A be non empty set ;
let r be Function of [:A,A:],REAL ;
cluster MetrStruct(# A,r #) -> non empty ;
coherence
not MetrStruct(# A,r #) is empty ;
end;

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
func MetrSpaceCart2 X,Y -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 3
 MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2 X,Y) #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2 X,Y) #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines MetrSpaceCart2 METRIC_3:def 3 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace holds MetrSpaceCart2 X,Y = MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2 X,Y) #);

scheme :: METRIC_3:sch 2
LambdaMCART1{ F1() -> non empty set , F2() -> non empty set , F3() -> non empty set , F4() -> non empty set , F5( set , set , set , set , set , set ) -> Element of F4() } :
ex f being Function of [:[:F1(),F2(),F3():],[:F1(),F2(),F3():]:],F4() st
for x1, y1 being Element of F1()
for x2, y2 being Element of F2()
for x3, y3 being Element of F3()
for x, y being Element of [:F1(),F2(),F3():] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
f . x,y = F5(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
func dist_cart3 X,Y,Z -> Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL means :Def4: :: METRIC_3:def 4
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
it . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + (dist x3,y3);
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL st
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + (dist x3,y3)
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + (dist x3,y3) ) & ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b2 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + (dist x3,y3) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def4 defines dist_cart3 METRIC_3:def 4 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for b4 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL holds
( b4 = dist_cart3 X,Y,Z iff for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b4 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + (dist x3,y3) );

theorem Th12: :: METRIC_3:4
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds
( (dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th13: :: METRIC_3:5
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds (dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y = (dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th14: :: METRIC_3:6
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y, z being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds (dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,z <= ((dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y) + ((dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . y,z)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
func MetrSpaceCart3 X,Y,Z -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 5
 MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines MetrSpaceCart3 METRIC_3:def 5 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace holds MetrSpaceCart3 X,Y,Z = MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) #);

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
let x, y be Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:];
func dist3 x,y -> Real equals :: METRIC_3:def 6
(dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y;
coherence
(dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y is Real ;
end;

:: deftheorem defines dist3 METRIC_3:def 6 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds dist3 x,y = (dist_cart3 X,Y,Z) . x,y;

scheme :: METRIC_3:sch 3
LambdaMCART2{ F1() -> non empty set , F2() -> non empty set , F3() -> non empty set , F4() -> non empty set , F5() -> non empty set , F6( set , set , set , set , set , set , set , set ) -> Element of F5() } :
ex f being Function of [:[:F1(),F2(),F3(),F4():],[:F1(),F2(),F3(),F4():]:],F5() st
for x1, y1 being Element of F1()
for x2, y2 being Element of F2()
for x3, y3 being Element of F3()
for x4, y4 being Element of F4()
for x, y being Element of [:F1(),F2(),F3(),F4():] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
f . x,y = F6(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y, Z, W be non empty MetrSpace;
func dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W -> Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:]:],REAL means :Def7: :: METRIC_3:def 7
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x4, y4 being Element of W
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
it . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + ((dist x3,y3) + (dist x4,y4));
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:]:],REAL st
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x4, y4 being Element of W
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
b1 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + ((dist x3,y3) + (dist x4,y4))
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x4, y4 being Element of W
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
b1 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + ((dist x3,y3) + (dist x4,y4)) ) & ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x4, y4 being Element of W
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
b2 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + ((dist x3,y3) + (dist x4,y4)) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def7 defines dist_cart4 METRIC_3:def 7 :
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace
for b5 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:]:],REAL holds
( b5 = dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W iff for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x4, y4 being Element of W
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] st x = [x1,x2,x3,x4] & y = [y1,y2,y3,y4] holds
b5 . x,y = ((dist x1,y1) + (dist x2,y2)) + ((dist x3,y3) + (dist x4,y4)) );

theorem Th19: :: METRIC_3:7
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] holds
( (dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th20: :: METRIC_3:8
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] holds (dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y = (dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th21: :: METRIC_3:9
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y, z being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] holds (dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,z <= ((dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y) + ((dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . y,z)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y, Z, W be non empty MetrSpace;
func MetrSpaceCart4 X,Y,Z,W -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 8
 MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],(dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],(dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines MetrSpaceCart4 METRIC_3:def 8 :
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace holds MetrSpaceCart4 X,Y,Z,W = MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:],(dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) #);

definition
let X, Y, Z, W be non empty MetrSpace;
let x, y be Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:];
func dist4 x,y -> Real equals :: METRIC_3:def 9
(dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y;
coherence
(dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y is Real ;
end;

:: deftheorem defines dist4 METRIC_3:def 9 :
for X, Y, Z, W being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z,the carrier of W:] holds dist4 x,y = (dist_cart4 X,Y,Z,W) . x,y;

begin

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
func dist_cart2S X,Y -> Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL means :Def1: :: METRIC_3:def 10
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
it . x,y = sqrt (((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 ));
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL st
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt (((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 ))
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt (((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) ) & ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b2 . x,y = sqrt (((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def1 defines dist_cart2S METRIC_3:def 10 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for b3 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:]:],REAL holds
( b3 = dist_cart2S X,Y iff for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b3 . x,y = sqrt (((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) );

Th2: for a, b being real number st 0 <= a & 0 <= b holds
( sqrt (a + b) = 0 iff ( a = 0 & b = 0 ) )
by SQUARE_1:100;

theorem Th3: :: METRIC_3:10
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds
( (dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th4: :: METRIC_3:11
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds (dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y = (dist_cart2S X,Y) . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th5: :: METRIC_3:12
for a, b, c, d being real number st 0 <= a & 0 <= b & 0 <= c & 0 <= d holds
sqrt (((a + c) ^2 ) + ((b + d) ^2 )) <= (sqrt ((a ^2 ) + (b ^2 ))) + (sqrt ((c ^2 ) + (d ^2 )))
proof end;

theorem Th6: :: METRIC_3:13
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y, z being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds (dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,z <= ((dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y) + ((dist_cart2S X,Y) . y,z)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
let x, y be Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:];
func dist2S x,y -> Real equals :: METRIC_3:def 11
(dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y;
coherence
(dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y is Real ;
end;

:: deftheorem defines dist2S METRIC_3:def 11 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:] holds dist2S x,y = (dist_cart2S X,Y) . x,y;

definition
let X, Y be non empty MetrSpace;
func MetrSpaceCart2S X,Y -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 12
 MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2S X,Y) #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2S X,Y) #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines MetrSpaceCart2S METRIC_3:def 12 :
for X, Y being non empty MetrSpace holds MetrSpaceCart2S X,Y = MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y:],(dist_cart2S X,Y) #);

begin

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
func dist_cart3S X,Y,Z -> Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL means :Def4: :: METRIC_3:def 13
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
it . x,y = sqrt ((((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((dist x3,y3) ^2 ));
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL st
for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt ((((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((dist x3,y3) ^2 ))
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt ((((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((dist x3,y3) ^2 )) ) & ( for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b2 . x,y = sqrt ((((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((dist x3,y3) ^2 )) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def4 defines dist_cart3S METRIC_3:def 13 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for b4 being Function of [:[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],[:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:]:],REAL holds
( b4 = dist_cart3S X,Y,Z iff for x1, y1 being Element of X
for x2, y2 being Element of Y
for x3, y3 being Element of Z
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b4 . x,y = sqrt ((((dist x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((dist x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((dist x3,y3) ^2 )) );

theorem Th10: :: METRIC_3:14
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds
( (dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th11: :: METRIC_3:15
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds (dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y = (dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th13: :: METRIC_3:16
for a, b, c, d, e, f being real number holds (((2 * (a * d)) * (c * b)) + ((2 * (a * f)) * (e * c))) + ((2 * (b * f)) * (e * d)) <= ((((((a * d) ^2 ) + ((c * b) ^2 )) + ((a * f) ^2 )) + ((e * c) ^2 )) + ((b * f) ^2 )) + ((e * d) ^2 )
proof end;

theorem Th15: :: METRIC_3:17
for a, b, c, d, e, f being real number holds (((a * c) + (b * d)) + (e * f)) ^2 <= (((a ^2 ) + (b ^2 )) + (e ^2 )) * (((c ^2 ) + (d ^2 )) + (f ^2 ))
proof end;

Lm1: for a, b, c, d, e, f being real number st 0 <= a & 0 <= b & 0 <= c & 0 <= d & 0 <= e & 0 <= f holds
sqrt ((((a + c) ^2 ) + ((b + d) ^2 )) + ((e + f) ^2 )) <= (sqrt (((a ^2 ) + (b ^2 )) + (e ^2 ))) + (sqrt (((c ^2 ) + (d ^2 )) + (f ^2 )))
proof end;

theorem Th16: :: METRIC_3:18
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y, z being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds (dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,z <= ((dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y) + ((dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . y,z)
proof end;

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
let x, y be Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:];
func dist3S x,y -> Real equals :: METRIC_3:def 14
(dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y;
coherence
(dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y is Real ;
end;

:: deftheorem defines dist3S METRIC_3:def 14 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace
for x, y being Element of [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:] holds dist3S x,y = (dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) . x,y;

definition
let X, Y, Z be non empty MetrSpace;
func MetrSpaceCart3S X,Y,Z -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 15
 MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines MetrSpaceCart3S METRIC_3:def 15 :
for X, Y, Z being non empty MetrSpace holds MetrSpaceCart3S X,Y,Z = MetrStruct(# [:the carrier of X,the carrier of Y,the carrier of Z:],(dist_cart3S X,Y,Z) #);

definition
func taxi_dist2 -> Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL means :Def7: :: METRIC_3:def 16
for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
it . x,y = (real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2);
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st
for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = (real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = (real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2) ) & ( for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b2 . x,y = (real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def7 defines taxi_dist2 METRIC_3:def 16 :
for b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL holds
( b1 = taxi_dist2 iff for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = (real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2) );

theorem Th19: :: METRIC_3:19
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds
( taxi_dist2 . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th20: :: METRIC_3:20
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds taxi_dist2 . x,y = taxi_dist2 . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th21: :: METRIC_3:21
for x, y, z being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds taxi_dist2 . x,z <= (taxi_dist2 . x,y) + (taxi_dist2 . y,z)
proof end;

definition
func RealSpaceCart2 -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 17
 MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist2 #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist2 #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines RealSpaceCart2 METRIC_3:def 17 :
RealSpaceCart2 = MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist2 #);

definition
func Eukl_dist2 -> Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL means :Def9: :: METRIC_3:def 18
for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
it . x,y = sqrt (((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 ));
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st
for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt (((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 ))
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt (((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) ) & ( for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b2 . x,y = sqrt (((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def9 defines Eukl_dist2 METRIC_3:def 18 :
for b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL holds
( b1 = Eukl_dist2 iff for x1, y1, x2, y2 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2] & y = [y1,y2] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt (((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) );

theorem Th22: :: METRIC_3:22
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds
( Eukl_dist2 . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th23: :: METRIC_3:23
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds Eukl_dist2 . x,y = Eukl_dist2 . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th24: :: METRIC_3:24
for x, y, z being Element of [:REAL ,REAL :] holds Eukl_dist2 . x,z <= (Eukl_dist2 . x,y) + (Eukl_dist2 . y,z)
proof end;

definition
func EuklSpace2 -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 19
 MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist2 #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist2 #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines EuklSpace2 METRIC_3:def 19 :
EuklSpace2 = MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist2 #);

definition
func taxi_dist3 -> Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL means :Def11: :: METRIC_3:def 20
for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
it . x,y = ((real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)) + (real_dist . x3,y3);
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st
for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = ((real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)) + (real_dist . x3,y3)
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = ((real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)) + (real_dist . x3,y3) ) & ( for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b2 . x,y = ((real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)) + (real_dist . x3,y3) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def11 defines taxi_dist3 METRIC_3:def 20 :
for b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL holds
( b1 = taxi_dist3 iff for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = ((real_dist . x1,y1) + (real_dist . x2,y2)) + (real_dist . x3,y3) );

theorem Th25: :: METRIC_3:25
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds
( taxi_dist3 . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th26: :: METRIC_3:26
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds taxi_dist3 . x,y = taxi_dist3 . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th27: :: METRIC_3:27
for x, y, z being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds taxi_dist3 . x,z <= (taxi_dist3 . x,y) + (taxi_dist3 . y,z)
proof end;

definition
func RealSpaceCart3 -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 21
 MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist3 #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist3 #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines RealSpaceCart3 METRIC_3:def 21 :
RealSpaceCart3 = MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],taxi_dist3 #);

definition
func Eukl_dist3 -> Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL means :Def13: :: METRIC_3:def 22
for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
it . x,y = sqrt ((((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((real_dist . x3,y3) ^2 ));
existence
ex b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st
for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt ((((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((real_dist . x3,y3) ^2 ))
proof end;
uniqueness
for b1, b2 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL st ( for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt ((((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((real_dist . x3,y3) ^2 )) ) & ( for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b2 . x,y = sqrt ((((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((real_dist . x3,y3) ^2 )) ) holds
b1 = b2
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem Def13 defines Eukl_dist3 METRIC_3:def 22 :
for b1 being Function of [:[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],[:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :]:],REAL holds
( b1 = Eukl_dist3 iff for x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 being Element of REAL
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] st x = [x1,x2,x3] & y = [y1,y2,y3] holds
b1 . x,y = sqrt ((((real_dist . x1,y1) ^2 ) + ((real_dist . x2,y2) ^2 )) + ((real_dist . x3,y3) ^2 )) );

theorem Th28: :: METRIC_3:28
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds
( Eukl_dist3 . x,y = 0 iff x = y )
proof end;

theorem Th29: :: METRIC_3:29
for x, y being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds Eukl_dist3 . x,y = Eukl_dist3 . y,x
proof end;

theorem Th30: :: METRIC_3:30
for x, y, z being Element of [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :] holds Eukl_dist3 . x,z <= (Eukl_dist3 . x,y) + (Eukl_dist3 . y,z)
proof end;

definition
func EuklSpace3 -> non empty strict MetrSpace equals :: METRIC_3:def 23
 MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist3 #);
coherence
MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist3 #) is non empty strict MetrSpace
proof end;
end;

:: deftheorem defines EuklSpace3 METRIC_3:def 23 :
EuklSpace3 = MetrStruct(# [:REAL ,REAL ,REAL :],Eukl_dist3 #);