Copyright (c) 1996 Association of Mizar Users
environ vocabulary RELAT_2, ORDERS_1, CAT_1, YELLOW_0, COMPTS_1, WELLORD1, LATTICES, BHSP_3, WAYBEL_0, WAYBEL_3, WAYBEL_6, FILTER_0, LATTICE3, ORDINAL2, BOOLE, QUANTAL1, FINSET_1, REALSET1, WAYBEL_4, COHSP_1, WAYBEL_7, WAYBEL_1, PRE_TOPC, GROUP_6, RELAT_1, SUBSET_1, BINOP_1, SEQM_3, FUNCT_1, YELLOW_1, FILTER_1, SETFAM_1, TARSKI, WAYBEL_8; notation TARSKI, XBOOLE_0, ZFMISC_1, SUBSET_1, SETFAM_1, FINSET_1, RELAT_1, REALSET1, STRUCT_0, ORDERS_1, TOLER_1, FUNCT_1, LATTICE3, PRE_TOPC, QUANTAL1, YELLOW_0, YELLOW_1, YELLOW_2, WAYBEL_0, WAYBEL_1, WAYBEL_3, WAYBEL_4, WAYBEL_6, WAYBEL_7, GRCAT_1; constructors TOLER_1, ORDERS_3, QUANTAL1, YELLOW_3, WAYBEL_1, WAYBEL_3, WAYBEL_4, WAYBEL_6, WAYBEL_7, GRCAT_1; clusters STRUCT_0, RELSET_1, FINSET_1, LATTICE3, YELLOW_0, YELLOW_2, WAYBEL_0, WAYBEL_1, WAYBEL_2, WAYBEL_3, WAYBEL_4, WAYBEL_6, SUBSET_1, XBOOLE_0; requirements SUBSET, BOOLE; definitions TARSKI; theorems TARSKI, STRUCT_0, FINSET_1, REALSET1, FUNCT_1, FUNCT_2, PRE_TOPC, ORDERS_1, LATTICE3, YELLOW_0, YELLOW_1, YELLOW_2, YELLOW_3, YELLOW_5, WAYBEL_0, WAYBEL_1, WAYBEL_3, WAYBEL_4, WAYBEL_6, WAYBEL_7, TMAP_1, RELAT_1, YELLOW_7, SETFAM_1, XBOOLE_0, XBOOLE_1; schemes SUBSET_1, WAYBEL_3, COMPTS_1; begin :: The Subset of All Compact Elements definition :: DEFINITION 4.1 let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; func CompactSublatt L -> strict full SubRelStr of L means :Def1: for x be Element of L holds x in the carrier of it iff x is compact; existence proof defpred P[set] means ex y be Element of L st y = $1 & y is compact; consider X being Subset of L such that A1: for x be set holds x in X iff x in the carrier of L & P[x] from Subset_Ex; reconsider S = RelStr(#X, (the InternalRel of L)|_2 X#) as strict full SubRelStr of L by YELLOW_0:57; take S; let x be Element of L; thus x in the carrier of S implies x is compact proof assume x in the carrier of S; then consider y be Element of L such that A2: y = x & y is compact by A1; thus x is compact by A2; end; thus thesis by A1; end; uniqueness proof let K1,K2 be strict full SubRelStr of L such that A3: for x be Element of L holds x in the carrier of K1 iff x is compact and A4: for x be Element of L holds x in the carrier of K2 iff x is compact; now let x be set; thus x in the carrier of K1 implies x in the carrier of K2 proof A5: the carrier of K1 c= the carrier of L by YELLOW_0:def 13; assume A6: x in the carrier of K1; then reconsider x' = x as Element of L by A5; x' is compact by A3,A6; hence x in the carrier of K2 by A4; end; thus x in the carrier of K2 implies x in the carrier of K1 proof A7: the carrier of K2 c= the carrier of L by YELLOW_0:def 13; assume A8: x in the carrier of K2; then reconsider x' = x as Element of L by A7; x' is compact by A4,A8; hence x in the carrier of K1 by A3; end; end; then the carrier of K1 = the carrier of K2 by TARSKI:2; hence K1 = K2 by YELLOW_0:58; end; end; definition let L be lower-bounded non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr; cluster CompactSublatt L -> non empty; coherence proof Bottom L is compact by WAYBEL_3:15; then the carrier of CompactSublatt L is non empty by Def1; hence CompactSublatt L is non empty by STRUCT_0:def 1; end; end; theorem for L be complete LATTICE for x,y,k be Element of L holds x <= k & k <= y & k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L implies x << y proof let L be complete LATTICE; let x,y,k be Element of L; assume that A1: x <= k and A2: k <= y and A3: k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L; k is compact by A3,Def1; then k << k by WAYBEL_3:def 2; hence x << y by A1,A2,WAYBEL_3:2; end; theorem :: REMARK 4.2 for L be complete LATTICE for x be Element of L holds uparrow x is Open Filter of L iff x is compact proof let L be complete LATTICE; let x be Element of L; thus uparrow x is Open Filter of L implies x is compact proof assume A1: uparrow x is Open Filter of L; x <= x; then x in uparrow x by WAYBEL_0:18; then consider y be Element of L such that A2: y in uparrow x & y << x by A1,WAYBEL_6:def 1; x <= y by A2,WAYBEL_0:18; then x << x by A2,WAYBEL_3:2; hence x is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; end; assume A3: x is compact; now let u be Element of L; assume A4: u in uparrow x; take x2 = x; x <= x2; hence x2 in uparrow x by WAYBEL_0:18; A5: x <= u by A4,WAYBEL_0:18; x << x by A3,WAYBEL_3:def 2; hence x2 << u by A5,WAYBEL_3:2; end; hence thesis by WAYBEL_6:def 1; end; theorem :: REMARK 4.3 for L be lower-bounded with_suprema non empty Poset holds CompactSublatt L is join-inheriting & Bottom L in the carrier of CompactSublatt L proof let L be lower-bounded with_suprema non empty Poset; now let x,y be Element of L; assume that A1: x in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A2: y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A3: ex_sup_of {x,y},L; A4: x <= x "\/" y & y <= x "\/" y by A3,YELLOW_0:18; x is compact by A1,Def1; then x << x by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then A5: x << x "\/" y by A4,WAYBEL_3:2; y is compact by A2,Def1; then y << y by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then y << x "\/" y by A4,WAYBEL_3:2; then x "\/" y << x "\/" y by A5,WAYBEL_3:3; then x "\/" y is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then sup {x,y} is compact by YELLOW_0:41; hence sup {x,y} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; end; hence CompactSublatt L is join-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 17; Bottom L is compact by WAYBEL_3:15; hence thesis by Def1; end; definition let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; let x be Element of L; func compactbelow x -> Subset of L equals :Def2: {y where y is Element of L: x >= y & y is compact}; coherence proof defpred P[Element of L] means x >= $1 & $1 is compact; consider X being Subset of L such that A1: for y being Element of L holds y in X iff P[y] from SSubsetEx; set Z = {y where y is Element of L: x >= y & y is compact}; now let z be set; thus z in X implies z in Z proof assume A2: z in X; then reconsider z1 = z as Element of L; x >= z1 & z1 is compact by A1,A2; hence z in Z; end; thus z in Z implies z in X proof assume z in Z; then consider v be Element of L such that A3: v = z & x >= v & v is compact; thus z in X by A1,A3; end; end; hence thesis by TARSKI:2; end; end; theorem Th4: for L be non empty reflexive RelStr for x,y be Element of L holds y in compactbelow x iff x >= y & y is compact proof let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; let x,y be Element of L; thus y in compactbelow x implies x >= y & y is compact proof assume y in compactbelow x; then y in {y' where y' is Element of L: x >= y' & y' is compact} by Def2; then consider z be Element of L such that A1: z = y & x >= z & z is compact; thus x >= y & y is compact by A1; end; assume x >= y & y is compact; then y in {y' where y' is Element of L: x >= y' & y' is compact}; hence y in compactbelow x by Def2; end; theorem Th5: for L be non empty reflexive RelStr for x be Element of L holds compactbelow x = downarrow x /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L proof let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; let x be Element of L; now let y be set; assume y in downarrow x /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L; then A1: y in downarrow x & y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by XBOOLE_0:def 3; then reconsider y' = y as Element of L; y' <= x & y' is compact by A1,Def1,WAYBEL_0:17; hence y in compactbelow x by Th4; end; then A2: downarrow x /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L c= compactbelow x by TARSKI:def 3; now let y be set; assume y in compactbelow x; then y in {z where z is Element of L: x >= z & z is compact} by Def2; then consider y' be Element of L such that A3: y' = y & y' <= x & y' is compact; y' in downarrow x & y' in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by A3,Def1,WAYBEL_0:17; hence y in downarrow x /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L by A3,XBOOLE_0:def 3; end; then compactbelow x c= downarrow x /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L by TARSKI:def 3; hence thesis by A2,XBOOLE_0:def 10; end; theorem Th6: for L be non empty reflexive transitive RelStr for x be Element of L holds compactbelow x c= waybelow x proof let L be non empty reflexive transitive RelStr; let x be Element of L; now let z be set; assume z in compactbelow x; then z in {y where y is Element of L: x >= y & y is compact} by Def2; then consider z' be Element of L such that A1: z' = z & x >= z' & z' is compact; z' << z' by A1,WAYBEL_3:def 2; then z' << x by A1,WAYBEL_3:2; hence z in waybelow x by A1,WAYBEL_3:7; end; hence thesis by TARSKI:def 3; end; definition let L be non empty lower-bounded reflexive antisymmetric RelStr; let x be Element of L; cluster compactbelow x -> non empty; coherence proof A1: x >= Bottom L by YELLOW_0:44; Bottom L is compact by WAYBEL_3:15; then Bottom L in {y where y is Element of L: x >= y & y is compact} by A1; hence compactbelow x is non empty by Def2; end; end; begin :: Algebraic Lattices definition let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; attr L is satisfying_axiom_K means :Def3: for x be Element of L holds x = sup compactbelow x; end; definition :: DEFINITION 4.4 let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; attr L is algebraic means :Def4: (for x being Element of L holds compactbelow x is non empty directed) & L is up-complete satisfying_axiom_K; end; theorem Th7: :: PROPOSITION 4.5 for L be LATTICE holds L is algebraic iff ( L is continuous & for x,y be Element of L st x << y ex k be Element of L st k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & x <= k & k <= y ) proof let L be LATTICE; thus L is algebraic implies ( L is continuous & for x,y be Element of L st x << y ex k be Element of L st k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & x <= k & k <= y ) proof assume A1: L is algebraic; then A2: (for x being Element of L holds compactbelow x is non empty directed) & L is up-complete satisfying_axiom_K by Def4; now let x be Element of L; A3: compactbelow x is non empty directed by A1,Def4; then A4: ex_sup_of compactbelow x,L by A2,WAYBEL_0:75; A5: compactbelow x c= waybelow x by Th6; consider s be set such that A6: s in compactbelow x by A3,XBOOLE_0:def 1; A7: ex_sup_of waybelow x,L by A2,A5,A6,WAYBEL_0:75; then sup compactbelow x <= sup waybelow x by A4,A5,YELLOW_0:34; then A8: x <= sup waybelow x by A2,Def3; waybelow x is_<=_than x by WAYBEL_3:9; then sup waybelow x <= x by A7,YELLOW_0:def 9; hence x = sup waybelow x by A8,ORDERS_1:25; end; then A9: L is satisfying_axiom_of_approximation by WAYBEL_3:def 5; for x be Element of L holds waybelow x is non empty directed proof let x be Element of L; compactbelow x is non empty by A1,Def4; then consider s be set such that A10: s in compactbelow x by XBOOLE_0:def 1; compactbelow x c= waybelow x by Th6; hence waybelow x is non empty directed by A10; end; hence L is continuous by A2,A9,WAYBEL_3:def 6; let x,y be Element of L; assume A11: x << y; reconsider D = compactbelow y as non empty directed Subset of L by A1,Def4 ; y = sup D by A2,Def3; then consider d being Element of L such that A12: d in D & x <= d by A11,WAYBEL_3:def 1; take d; d is compact by A12,Th4; hence d in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; thus x <= d & d <= y by A12,Th4; end; assume that A13: L is continuous and A14: for x,y be Element of L st x << y ex k be Element of L st k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & x <= k & k <= y; A15: L is up-complete by A13,WAYBEL_3:def 6; A16: for x be Element of L holds compactbelow x is non empty directed proof let x be Element of L; A17: waybelow x is non empty directed by A13,WAYBEL_3:def 6; now let Y be finite Subset of compactbelow x; compactbelow x c= waybelow x by Th6; then Y is finite Subset of waybelow x by XBOOLE_1:1; then consider b be Element of L such that A18: b in waybelow x & b is_>=_than Y by A17,WAYBEL_0:1; b << x by A18,WAYBEL_3:7; then consider c be Element of L such that A19: c in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & b <= c & c <= x by A14; take c; c is compact by A19,Def1; hence c in compactbelow x by A19,Th4; thus c is_>=_than Y by A18,A19,YELLOW_0:4; end; hence compactbelow x is non empty directed by WAYBEL_0:1; end; now let x be Element of L; L is satisfying_axiom_of_approximation by A13,WAYBEL_3:def 6; then A20: x = sup waybelow x by WAYBEL_3:def 5; compactbelow x is non empty by A16; then consider s be set such that A21: s in compactbelow x by XBOOLE_0:def 1; compactbelow x c= waybelow x by Th6; then A22: ex_sup_of waybelow x,L by A15,A21,WAYBEL_0:75; now let z be Element of L; thus z is_>=_than waybelow x implies z is_>=_than compactbelow x proof assume A23: z is_>=_than waybelow x; now let d be Element of L; assume d in compactbelow x; then A24: d <= x & d is compact by Th4; then d << d by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then d << x by A24,WAYBEL_3:2; then d in waybelow x by WAYBEL_3:7; hence d <= z by A23,LATTICE3:def 9; end; hence z is_>=_than compactbelow x by LATTICE3:def 9; end; thus z is_>=_than compactbelow x implies z is_>=_than waybelow x proof assume A25: z is_>=_than compactbelow x; now let d be Element of L; assume d in waybelow x; then d << x by WAYBEL_3:7; then consider k be Element of L such that A26: k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & d <= k & k <= x by A14; k is compact by A26,Def1; then k in compactbelow x by A26,Th4; then k <= z by A25,LATTICE3:def 9; hence d <= z by A26,ORDERS_1:26; end; hence z is_>=_than waybelow x by LATTICE3:def 9; end; end; hence x = sup compactbelow x by A20,A22,YELLOW_0:47; end; then L is satisfying_axiom_K by Def3; hence L is algebraic by A15,A16,Def4; end; definition cluster algebraic -> continuous LATTICE; coherence by Th7; end; definition cluster algebraic -> up-complete satisfying_axiom_K (non empty reflexive RelStr); coherence by Def4; end; definition let L be non empty with_suprema Poset; cluster CompactSublatt L -> join-inheriting; coherence proof now let x,y be Element of L; assume that A1: x in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A2: y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A3: ex_sup_of {x,y},L; A4: x <= x "\/" y & y <= x "\/" y by A3,YELLOW_0:18; x is compact & y is compact by A1,A2,Def1; then x << x & y << y by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then x << x "\/" y & y << x "\/" y by A4,WAYBEL_3:2; then x "\/" y << x "\/" y by WAYBEL_3:3; then x "\/" y is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then sup {x,y} is compact by YELLOW_0:41; hence sup {x,y} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; end; hence CompactSublatt L is join-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 17; end; end; definition let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; attr L is arithmetic means :Def5: L is algebraic & CompactSublatt L is meet-inheriting; end; begin :: Arithmetic Lattices definition cluster arithmetic -> algebraic LATTICE; coherence by Def5; end; definition cluster trivial -> arithmetic LATTICE; coherence proof let L be LATTICE; assume L is trivial; then reconsider L' = L as trivial LATTICE; for x,y be Element of L' st x << y ex k be Element of L' st k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L' & x <= k & k <= y proof let x,y be Element of L'; A1: x = y by REALSET1:def 20; assume A2: x << y; take k = x; k is compact by A1,A2,WAYBEL_3:def 2; hence k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L' by Def1; thus x <= k & k <= y by REALSET1:def 20; end; then A3: L' is algebraic by Th7; for z,v be Element of L' st (z in the carrier of CompactSublatt L' & v in the carrier of CompactSublatt L' & ex_inf_of {z,v},L' ) holds inf {z,v} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L' by REALSET1:def 20; then CompactSublatt L' is meet-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 16; hence thesis by A3,Def5; end; end; definition cluster trivial strict LATTICE; existence proof consider B be strict trivial (non empty reflexive RelStr); take B; thus thesis; end; end; theorem Th8: for L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is up-complete for x1,y1 be Element of L1 for x2,y2 be Element of L2 st x1 = x2 & y1 = y2 & x1 << y1 holds x2 << y2 proof let L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is up-complete; let x1,y1 be Element of L1; let x2,y2 be Element of L2; assume that A3: x1 = x2 and A4: y1 = y2 and A5: x1 << y1; now let D2 be non empty directed Subset of L2; reconsider D1 = D2 as Subset of L1 by A1; reconsider D1 as non empty directed Subset of L1 by A1,WAYBEL_0:3; assume A6: y2 <= sup D2; ex_sup_of D1,L1 by A2,WAYBEL_0:75; then sup D1 = sup D2 by A1,YELLOW_0:26; then y1 <= sup D1 by A1,A4,A6,YELLOW_0:1; then consider d1 be Element of L1 such that A7: d1 in D1 and A8: x1 <= d1 by A5,WAYBEL_3:def 1; reconsider d2 = d1 as Element of L2 by A1; take d2; thus d2 in D2 by A7; thus x2 <= d2 by A1,A3,A8,YELLOW_0:1; end; hence x2 << y2 by WAYBEL_3:def 1; end; theorem Th9: for L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is up-complete for x be Element of L1 for y be Element of L2 st x = y & x is compact holds y is compact proof let L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is up-complete; let x be Element of L1; let y be Element of L2; assume that A3: x = y and A4: x is compact; x << x by A4,WAYBEL_3:def 2; then y << y by A1,A2,A3,Th8; hence y is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; end; theorem Th10: for L1,L2 be up-complete (non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr) st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 for x be Element of L1 for y be Element of L2 st x = y holds compactbelow x = compactbelow y proof let L1,L2 be up-complete (non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr); assume A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2; let x be Element of L1; let y be Element of L2; assume A2: x = y; now let z be set; assume A3: z in compactbelow x; then reconsider z1 = z as Element of L1; reconsider z2 = z1 as Element of L2 by A1; z1 <= x & z1 is compact by A3,Th4; then z2 <= y & z2 is compact by A1,A2,Th9,YELLOW_0:1; hence z in compactbelow y by Th4; end; then A4: compactbelow x c= compactbelow y by TARSKI:def 3; now let z be set; assume A5: z in compactbelow y; then reconsider z2 = z as Element of L2; reconsider z1 = z2 as Element of L1 by A1; z2 <= y & z2 is compact by A5,Th4; then z1 <= x & z1 is compact by A1,A2,Th9,YELLOW_0:1; hence z in compactbelow x by Th4; end; then compactbelow y c= compactbelow x by TARSKI:def 3; hence compactbelow x = compactbelow y by A4,XBOOLE_0:def 10; end; theorem Th11: for L1,L2 be RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is non empty holds L2 is non empty proof let L1,L2 be RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is non empty; the carrier of L1 is non empty by A2,STRUCT_0:def 1; then consider x be set such that A3: x in the carrier of L1 by XBOOLE_0:def 1; thus L2 is non empty by A1,A3,STRUCT_0:def 1; end; theorem Th12: for L1,L2 be non empty RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is reflexive holds L2 is reflexive proof let L1,L2 be non empty RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is reflexive; now let x be Element of L2; reconsider x' = x as Element of L1 by A1; x' <= x' by A2,YELLOW_0:def 1; hence x <= x by A1,YELLOW_0:1; end; hence L2 is reflexive by YELLOW_0:def 1; end; theorem Th13: for L1,L2 be RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is transitive holds L2 is transitive proof let L1,L2 be RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is transitive; now let x,y,z be Element of L2; reconsider x' = x , y' = y , z' = z as Element of L1 by A1; assume x <= y & y <= z; then x' <= y' & y' <= z' by A1,YELLOW_0:1; then x' <= z' by A2,YELLOW_0:def 2; hence x <= z by A1,YELLOW_0:1; end; hence L2 is transitive by YELLOW_0:def 2; end; theorem Th14: for L1,L2 be RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is antisymmetric holds L2 is antisymmetric proof let L1,L2 be RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is antisymmetric; now let x,y be Element of L2; reconsider x' = x , y' = y as Element of L1 by A1; assume x <= y & y <= x; then x' <= y' & y' <= x' by A1,YELLOW_0:1; hence x = y by A2,YELLOW_0:def 3; end; hence L2 is antisymmetric by YELLOW_0:def 3; end; theorem Th15: for L1,L2 be non empty reflexive RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is up-complete holds L2 is up-complete proof let L1,L2 be non empty reflexive RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is up-complete; now let X be non empty directed Subset of L2; reconsider X' = X as Subset of L1 by A1; reconsider X' as non empty directed Subset of L1 by A1,WAYBEL_0:3; consider x' be Element of L1 such that A3: x' is_>=_than X' and A4: for y' be Element of L1 st y' is_>=_than X' holds x' <= y' by A2,WAYBEL_0:def 39; reconsider x = x' as Element of L2 by A1; take x; thus x is_>=_than X by A1,A3,YELLOW_0:2; let y be Element of L2 such that A5: y is_>=_than X; reconsider y' = y as Element of L1 by A1; y' is_>=_than X' by A1,A5,YELLOW_0:2; then x' <= y' by A4; hence x <= y by A1,YELLOW_0:1; end; hence L2 is up-complete by WAYBEL_0:def 39; end; theorem Th16: for L1,L2 be up-complete (non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr) st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is satisfying_axiom_K & for x be Element of L1 holds compactbelow x is non empty directed holds L2 is satisfying_axiom_K proof let L1,L2 be up-complete (non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr); assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is satisfying_axiom_K and A3: for x be Element of L1 holds compactbelow x is non empty directed; now let x be Element of L2; reconsider x' = x as Element of L1 by A1; A4: x' = sup compactbelow x' by A2,Def3; A5: compactbelow x = compactbelow x' by A1,Th10; compactbelow x' is non empty directed by A3; then ex_sup_of compactbelow x',L1 by WAYBEL_0:75; hence x = sup compactbelow x by A1,A4,A5,YELLOW_0:26; end; hence L2 is satisfying_axiom_K by Def3; end; theorem Th17: for L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is algebraic holds L2 is algebraic proof let L1,L2 be non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is algebraic; A3: (for x be Element of L1 holds compactbelow x is non empty directed) & L1 is up-complete satisfying_axiom_K by A2,Def4; then A4: L2 is up-complete by A1,Th15; A5: for x be Element of L2 holds compactbelow x is non empty directed proof let x be Element of L2; reconsider x' = x as Element of L1 by A1; A6: compactbelow x' is non empty directed by A2,Def4; compactbelow x' = compactbelow x by A1,A3,A4,Th10; hence compactbelow x is non empty directed by A1,A6,WAYBEL_0:3; end; L2 is satisfying_axiom_K by A1,A3,A4,Th16; hence L2 is algebraic by A4,A5,Def4; end; theorem Th18: for L1,L2 be LATTICE st the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 & L1 is arithmetic holds L2 is arithmetic proof let L1,L2 be LATTICE; assume that A1: the RelStr of L1 = the RelStr of L2 and A2: L1 is arithmetic; A3: L1 is algebraic by A2,Def5; then A4: L2 is algebraic by A1,Th17; A5: CompactSublatt L1 is meet-inheriting by A2,Def5; now let x2,y2 be Element of L2; reconsider x1 = x2 , y1 = y2 as Element of L1 by A1; assume that A6: x2 in the carrier of CompactSublatt L2 and A7: y2 in the carrier of CompactSublatt L2 and A8: ex_inf_of {x2,y2},L2; A9: L2 is up-complete by A4,Def4; A10: L1 is up-complete by A3,Def4; x2 is compact & y2 is compact by A6,A7,Def1; then x1 is compact & y1 is compact by A1,A9,Th9; then A11: x1 in the carrier of CompactSublatt L1 & y1 in the carrier of CompactSublatt L1 by Def1; ex_inf_of {x1,y1},L1 by A1,A8,YELLOW_0:14; then inf {x1,y1} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L1 by A5,A11,YELLOW_0:def 16; then A12: inf {x1,y1} is compact by Def1; inf {x1,y1} = inf {x2,y2} by A1,A8,YELLOW_0:27; then inf {x2,y2} is compact by A1,A10,A12,Th9; hence inf {x2,y2} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L2 by Def1; end; then CompactSublatt L2 is meet-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 16; hence L2 is arithmetic by A4,Def5; end; definition let L be non empty RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> non empty; coherence by Th11; end; definition let L be non empty reflexive RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> reflexive; coherence by Th12; end; definition let L be transitive RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> transitive; coherence by Th13; end; definition let L be antisymmetric RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> antisymmetric; coherence by Th14; end; definition let L be with_infima RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> with_infima; coherence by YELLOW_7:14; end; definition let L be with_suprema RelStr; cluster the RelStr of L -> with_suprema; coherence by YELLOW_7:15; end; definition let L be up-complete (non empty reflexive RelStr); cluster the RelStr of L -> up-complete; coherence by Th15; end; definition let L be algebraic (non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr); cluster the RelStr of L -> algebraic; coherence by Th17; end; definition let L be arithmetic LATTICE; cluster the RelStr of L -> arithmetic; coherence by Th18; end; theorem Th19: for L be non empty transitive RelStr for S be non empty full SubRelStr of L for X be Subset of S st ex_sup_of X,L & "\/"(X,L) is Element of S holds ex_sup_of X,S & sup X = "\/"(X,L) proof let L be non empty transitive RelStr; let S be non empty full SubRelStr of L; let X be Subset of S; assume A1: ex_sup_of X,L; assume "\/"(X,L) is Element of S; then "\/"(X,L) in the carrier of S; hence thesis by A1,YELLOW_0:65; end; theorem for L be non empty transitive RelStr for S be non empty full SubRelStr of L for X be Subset of S st ex_inf_of X,L & "/\"(X,L) is Element of S holds ex_inf_of X,S & inf X = "/\"(X,L) proof let L be non empty transitive RelStr; let S be non empty full SubRelStr of L; let X be Subset of S; assume A1: ex_inf_of X,L; assume "/\"(X,L) is Element of S; then "/\"(X,L) in the carrier of S; hence thesis by A1,YELLOW_0:64; end; theorem :: PROPOSITION 4.7 a) for L be algebraic LATTICE holds L is arithmetic iff CompactSublatt L is LATTICE proof let L be algebraic LATTICE; thus L is arithmetic implies CompactSublatt L is LATTICE proof assume A1: L is arithmetic; consider x be Element of L; compactbelow x is non empty by Def4; then consider z be set such that A2: z in compactbelow x by XBOOLE_0:def 1; z in {y where y is Element of L: x >= y & y is compact} by A2,Def2; then consider z' be Element of L such that A3: z' = z & x >= z' & z' is compact; z' in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by A3,Def1; then CompactSublatt L is non empty join-inheriting meet-inheriting full SubRelStr of L by A1,Def5,STRUCT_0:def 1; hence CompactSublatt L is LATTICE; end; assume A4: CompactSublatt L is LATTICE; now let x,y be Element of L; assume that A5: x in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A6: y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and ex_inf_of {x,y},L; reconsider L' = CompactSublatt L as non empty full SubRelStr of L by A5,STRUCT_0:def 1; reconsider x' = x , y' = y as Element of L' by A5,A6; A7: ex_inf_of {x',y'},L' by A4,YELLOW_0:21; set X = compactbelow inf {x,y}; X is non empty directed by Def4; then A8: ex_sup_of X,L by WAYBEL_0:75; now let d be set; assume d in X; then d in {f where f is Element of L: inf {x,y} >= f & f is compact} by Def2; then consider d' be Element of L such that A9: d' = d & inf {x,y} >= d' & d' is compact; thus d in the carrier of L' by A9,Def1; end; then X c= the carrier of L' by TARSKI:def 3; then A10: X is Subset of L'; A11: inf {x,y} = sup X by Def3; reconsider c = "/\"({x,y},L') as Element of L by YELLOW_0:59; now let z be set; assume z in X; then z in {v where v is Element of L: inf {x,y} >= v & v is compact} by Def2; then consider z1 be Element of L such that A12: z = z1 & inf {x,y} >= z1 & z1 is compact; A13: x "/\" y <= x & x "/\" y <= y by YELLOW_0:23; z1 <= x "/\" y by A12,YELLOW_0:40; then z1 <= x & z1 <= y by A13,ORDERS_1:26; then z in compactbelow x & z in compactbelow y by A12,Th4; hence z in compactbelow x /\ compactbelow y by XBOOLE_0:def 3; end; then A14: X c= compactbelow x /\ compactbelow y by TARSKI:def 3; now let b' be Element of L'; reconsider b = b' as Element of L by YELLOW_0:59; assume b' in X; then b' in compactbelow x & b' in compactbelow y by A14,XBOOLE_0:def 3; then b <= x & b <= y by Th4; then b' <= x' & b' <= y' by YELLOW_0:61; then b' <= x' "/\" y' by A7,YELLOW_0:19; hence b' <= "/\"({x,y},L') by A4,YELLOW_0:40; end; then X is_<=_than "/\"({x,y},L') by LATTICE3:def 9; then X is_<=_than c by A10,YELLOW_0:63; then A15: sup X <= c by A8,YELLOW_0:30; A16: x' in {x,y} & y' in {x,y} by TARSKI:def 2; "/\"({x,y},L') is_<=_than {x,y} by A7,YELLOW_0:31; then "/\"({x,y},L') <= x' & "/\"({x,y},L') <= y' by A16,LATTICE3:def 8; then c <= x & c <= y by YELLOW_0:60; then c <= x "/\" y by YELLOW_0:23; then c <= sup X by A11,YELLOW_0:40; then c = sup X by A15,ORDERS_1:25; hence inf {x,y} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by A11; end; then CompactSublatt L is meet-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 16; hence L is arithmetic by Def5; end; theorem Th22: :: PROPOSITION 4.7 b) for L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE holds L is arithmetic iff L-waybelow is multiplicative proof let L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE; thus L is arithmetic implies L-waybelow is multiplicative proof assume A1: L is arithmetic; now let a,x,y be Element of L; assume [a,x] in L-waybelow & [a,y] in L-waybelow; then A2: a << x & a << y by WAYBEL_4:def 2; then consider c be Element of L such that A3: c in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & a <= c & c <= x by Th7; consider k be Element of L such that A4: k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L & a <= k & k <= y by A2,Th7; a"/\"a = a by YELLOW_5:2; then A5: a <= c"/\"k by A3,A4,YELLOW_3:2; reconsider C = CompactSublatt L as meet-inheriting non empty full SubRelStr of L by A1,Def5; reconsider c'=c , k'=k as Element of C by A3,A4; A6: c"/\"k <= x"/\"y by A3,A4,YELLOW_3:2; c'"/\"k' in the carrier of CompactSublatt L; then c"/\"k in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by YELLOW_0:70; then c"/\"k is compact by Def1; then c"/\"k << c"/\"k by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then a << x"/\"y by A5,A6,WAYBEL_3:2; hence [a,x"/\"y] in L-waybelow by WAYBEL_4:def 2; end; hence L-waybelow is multiplicative by WAYBEL_7:def 7; end; assume A7: L-waybelow is multiplicative; now let x,y be Element of L; assume that A8: x in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and A9: y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L and ex_inf_of {x,y},L; x is compact & y is compact by A8,A9,Def1; then x << x & y << y by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then [x,x] in L-waybelow & [y,y] in L-waybelow by WAYBEL_4:def 2; then [x "/\" y,x "/\" y] in L-waybelow by A7,WAYBEL_7:45; then x "/\" y << x "/\" y by WAYBEL_4:def 2; then x "/\" y is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then x "/\" y in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; hence inf {x,y} in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by YELLOW_0:40; end; then CompactSublatt L is meet-inheriting by YELLOW_0:def 16; hence L is arithmetic by Def5; end; theorem :: COROLLARY 4.8.a) for L be arithmetic lower-bounded LATTICE, p be Element of L holds p is pseudoprime implies p is prime proof let L be arithmetic lower-bounded LATTICE; let p be Element of L; L-waybelow is multiplicative by Th22; hence thesis by WAYBEL_7:49; end; theorem :: COROLLARY 4.8.b) for L be algebraic distributive lower-bounded LATTICE st for p being Element of L st p is pseudoprime holds p is prime holds L is arithmetic proof let L be algebraic distributive lower-bounded LATTICE; assume for p be Element of L st p is pseudoprime holds p is prime; then L-waybelow is multiplicative by WAYBEL_7:50; hence L is arithmetic by Th22; end; definition let L be algebraic LATTICE; let c be closure map of L,L; cluster non empty directed Subset of Image c; existence proof consider x be Element of Image c; take downarrow x; thus thesis; end; end; theorem Th25: for L be algebraic LATTICE for c be closure map of L,L st c is directed-sups-preserving holds c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) c= [#]CompactSublatt Image c proof let L be algebraic LATTICE; let c be closure map of L,L; assume A1: c is directed-sups-preserving; A2: c is idempotent monotone by WAYBEL_1:def 13; let x be set; assume x in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L); then consider y be set such that A3: y in dom c and A4: y in [#]CompactSublatt L and A5: x = c.y by FUNCT_1:def 12; y in the carrier of L by A3,FUNCT_2:def 1; then reconsider y' = y as Element of L; A6: x in rng c by A3,A5,FUNCT_1:def 5; then x in the carrier of Image c by YELLOW_2:11; then reconsider x' = x as Element of Image c; reconsider x1 = x' as Element of L by A6; y' is compact by A4,Def1; then A7: y' << y' by WAYBEL_3:def 2; now let D be non empty directed Subset of Image c; D c= the carrier of Image c; then A8: D c= rng c by YELLOW_2:11; then D c= the carrier of L by XBOOLE_1:1; then reconsider D' = D as (non empty (Subset of L)); reconsider D' as (non empty (directed (Subset of L))) by YELLOW_2:7; assume A9: x' <= sup D; id(L) <= c by WAYBEL_1:def 14; then id(L).y' <= c.y' by YELLOW_2:10; then A10: y' <= x1 by A5,TMAP_1:91; A11: ex_sup_of D',L by WAYBEL_0:75; c preserves_sup_of D' by A1,WAYBEL_0:def 37; then A12: c.sup D' = sup (c.:D') by A11,WAYBEL_0:def 31 .= sup D' by A2,A8,YELLOW_2:22; c.sup D' = sup D by A11,WAYBEL_1:58; then x1 <= sup D' by A9,A12,YELLOW_0:60; then y' <= sup D' by A10,ORDERS_1:26; then consider d' be Element of L such that A13: d' in D' & y' <= d' by A7,WAYBEL_3:def 1; reconsider d = d' as Element of Image c by A13; take d; thus d in D by A13; d in the carrier of Image c; then d in rng c by YELLOW_2:11; then d' in {z where z is Element of L: z = c.z} by A2,YELLOW_2:21; then consider z' be Element of L such that A14: d' = z' & z' = c.z'; c.y' <= c.d' by A2,A13,WAYBEL_1:def 2; hence x' <= d by A5,A14,YELLOW_0:61; end; then x' << x' by WAYBEL_3:def 1; then x' is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then x in the carrier of CompactSublatt Image c by Def1; hence thesis by PRE_TOPC:12; end; theorem :: PROPOSITION 4.9.(i) for L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE for c be closure map of L,L st c is directed-sups-preserving holds Image c is algebraic LATTICE proof let L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE; let c be closure map of L,L; assume A1: c is directed-sups-preserving; c is idempotent by WAYBEL_1:def 13; then reconsider Imc = Image c as complete LATTICE by A1,YELLOW_2:37; A2: now let x be Element of Imc; now let y,z be Element of Imc; assume that A3: y in compactbelow x and A4: z in compactbelow x; A5: y <= x & y is compact by A3,Th4; A6: z <= x & z is compact by A4,Th4; then A7: y << y & z << z by A5,WAYBEL_3:def 2; take v = y "\/" z; A8: v <= x by A5,A6,YELLOW_0:22; y <= v & z <= v by YELLOW_0:22; then y << v & z << v by A7,WAYBEL_3:2; then v << v by WAYBEL_3:3; then v is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; hence v in compactbelow x & y <= v & z <= v by A8,Th4,YELLOW_0:22; end; hence compactbelow x is non empty directed by WAYBEL_0:def 1; end; now let x be Element of Imc; consider y be Element of L such that A9: c.y = x by YELLOW_2:12; A10: compactbelow y is non empty directed by Def4; then A11: c preserves_sup_of compactbelow y by A1,WAYBEL_0:def 37; A12: ex_sup_of compactbelow y,L by A10,WAYBEL_0:75; compactbelow y = downarrow y /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Th5; then compactbelow y = downarrow y /\ [#]CompactSublatt L by PRE_TOPC:12; then A13: c.:(compactbelow y) c= c.:(downarrow y) /\ c.: ([#]CompactSublatt L) by RELAT_1:154; A14: c is monotone by A1,YELLOW_2:18; compactbelow x is directed by A2; then A15: ex_sup_of compactbelow x,Imc by WAYBEL_0:75; A16: ex_sup_of c.:(compactbelow y),Imc by YELLOW_0:17; c.:(compactbelow y) c= rng c by RELAT_1:144; then c.:(compactbelow y) c= the carrier of Image c by YELLOW_2:11; then A17: c.:(compactbelow y) is Subset of Imc; A18: ex_sup_of (c.:(compactbelow y)),L by YELLOW_0:17; A19: c.sup compactbelow y = sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) by A11,A12,WAYBEL_0:def 31; sup compactbelow y in the carrier of L; then sup compactbelow y in dom c by FUNCT_2:def 1; then sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) in rng c by A19,FUNCT_1:def 5; then sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) in the carrier of Image c by YELLOW_2:11; then sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) is Element of Imc; then A20: sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) = "\/"(c.:(compactbelow y),Imc) by A17,A18,Th19; A21: c.y = c.sup compactbelow y by Def3 .= sup (c.:(compactbelow y)) by A11,A12,WAYBEL_0:def 31; A22: c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) c= [#]CompactSublatt Image c by A1,Th25; now let z be set; assume A23: z in c.:(compactbelow y); then consider v be set such that A24: v in dom c & v in compactbelow y & z = c.v by FUNCT_1:def 12; reconsider v as Element of L by A24; z in rng c by A24,FUNCT_1:def 5; then z in the carrier of Imc by YELLOW_2:11; then reconsider z1 = z as Element of Imc; z in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A13,A23,XBOOLE_0:def 3; then z in [#]CompactSublatt Image c by A22; then A25: z1 is compact by Def1; v <= y by A24,Th4; then c.v <= c.y by A14,WAYBEL_1:def 2; then z1 <= x by A9,A24,YELLOW_0:61; hence z in compactbelow x by A25,Th4; end; then c.:(compactbelow y) c= compactbelow x by TARSKI:def 3; then A26: x <= sup compactbelow x by A9,A15,A16,A20,A21,YELLOW_0:34; for b be Element of Imc st b in compactbelow x holds b <= x by Th4; then x is_>=_than compactbelow x by LATTICE3:def 9; then sup compactbelow x <= x by YELLOW_0:32; hence x = sup compactbelow x by A26,ORDERS_1:25; end; then Imc is satisfying_axiom_K by Def3; hence Image c is algebraic LATTICE by A2,Def4; end; theorem :: PROPOSITION 4.9.(ii) for L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE, c be closure map of L,L st c is directed-sups-preserving holds c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) = [#]CompactSublatt Image c proof let L be algebraic lower-bounded LATTICE; let c be closure map of L,L; assume A1: c is directed-sups-preserving; then A2: c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) c= [#]CompactSublatt Image c by Th25; now let a' be set; c is idempotent by WAYBEL_1:def 13; then reconsider Imc = Image c as complete LATTICE by A1,YELLOW_2:37; assume A3: a' in [#]CompactSublatt Image c; then A4: a' in the carrier of CompactSublatt Image c; A5: the carrier of CompactSublatt Imc c= the carrier of Imc by YELLOW_0:def 13; then A6: a' in the carrier of Imc by A4; reconsider a = a' as Element of Imc by A4,A5; A7: a in rng c by A6,YELLOW_2:11; c is idempotent by WAYBEL_1:def 13; then rng c = {x where x is Element of L: x = c.x} by YELLOW_2:21; then consider a1 be Element of L such that A8: a = a1 & a1 = c.a1 by A7; a is compact by A3,Def1; then A9: a << a by WAYBEL_3:def 2; A10: c is monotone by A1,YELLOW_2:18; A11: c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) c= rng c by RELAT_1:144; A12: downarrow a /\ c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) is non empty directed Subset of Imc proof now let z be set; assume z in downarrow a /\ c.:([#]CompactSublatt L); then z in downarrow a by XBOOLE_0:def 3; hence z in the carrier of Imc; end; then downarrow a /\ c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) c= the carrier of Imc by TARSKI:def 3; then reconsider D = downarrow a /\ c.:([#] CompactSublatt L) as Subset of Imc; A13: dom c = the carrier of L by FUNCT_2:def 1; Bottom L is compact by WAYBEL_3:15; then Bottom L in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; then Bottom L in [#]CompactSublatt L by PRE_TOPC:12; then A14: c.Bottom L in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A13,FUNCT_1:def 12; A15: Bottom Imc <= a by YELLOW_0:44; A16: ex_sup_of {},L by YELLOW_0:42; {} c= the carrier of L by XBOOLE_1:2; then A17: {} is Subset of L; A18: {} c= the carrier of Imc by XBOOLE_1:2; c.Bottom L = c."\/"({},L) by YELLOW_0:def 11 .= "\/"({},Imc) by A16,A17,A18,WAYBEL_1:58 .= Bottom Imc by YELLOW_0:def 11; then A19: c.Bottom L in downarrow a by A15,WAYBEL_0:17; now let x,y be Element of Imc; assume x in D & y in D; then A20: x in downarrow a & x in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) & y in downarrow a & y in c.: ([#]CompactSublatt L) by XBOOLE_0:def 3; then consider d be set such that A21: d in dom c and A22: d in [#]CompactSublatt L and A23: x = c.d by FUNCT_1:def 12; A24: dom c = the carrier of L by FUNCT_2:def 1; then reconsider d as Element of L by A21; consider e be set such that A25: e in dom c and A26: e in [#]CompactSublatt L and A27: y = c.e by A20,FUNCT_1:def 12; reconsider e as Element of L by A24,A25; d "\/" e in the carrier of L; then d "\/" e in dom c by FUNCT_2:def 1; then c.(d "\/" e) in rng c by FUNCT_1:def 5; then c.(d "\/" e) in the carrier of Imc by YELLOW_2:11; then reconsider z = c.(d "\/" e) as Element of Imc; take z; id(L) <= c by WAYBEL_1:def 14; then id(L).d <= c.d & id(L).e <= c.e by YELLOW_2:10; then d <= c.d & e <= c.e by TMAP_1:91; then A28: d "\/" e <= c.d "\/" c.e by YELLOW_3:3; x <= a & y <= a by A20,WAYBEL_0:17; then c.d <= a1 & c.e <= a1 by A8,A23,A27,YELLOW_0:60; then c.d "\/" c.e <= a1 by YELLOW_0:22; then d "\/" e <= a1 by A28,ORDERS_1:26; then c.(d "\/" e) <= a1 by A8,A10,WAYBEL_1:def 2; then z <= a by A8,YELLOW_0:61; then A29: z in downarrow a by WAYBEL_0:17; d "\/" e in the carrier of L; then A30: d "\/" e in dom c by FUNCT_2:def 1; A31: d <= d "\/" e & e <= d "\/" e by YELLOW_0:22; d is compact & e is compact by A22,A26,Def1; then d << d & e << e by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then d << d "\/" e & e << d "\/" e by A31,WAYBEL_3:2; then d "\/" e << d "\/" e by WAYBEL_3:3; then d "\/" e is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; then d "\/" e in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by Def1; then d "\/" e in [#]CompactSublatt L by PRE_TOPC:12; then z in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A30,FUNCT_1:def 12; hence z in D by A29,XBOOLE_0:def 3; c.d <= c.(d "\/" e) & c.e <= c.(d "\/" e) by A10,A31,WAYBEL_1:def 2; hence x <= z & y <= z by A23,A27,YELLOW_0:61; end; hence thesis by A14,A19,WAYBEL_0:def 1,XBOOLE_0:def 3; end; A32: compactbelow a1 is non empty directed Subset of L by Def4; then A33: c preserves_sup_of compactbelow a1 by A1,WAYBEL_0:def 37; A34: ex_sup_of compactbelow a1,L by A32,WAYBEL_0:75; then A35: ex_sup_of c.:(compactbelow a1),L by A33,WAYBEL_0:def 31; c.:(compactbelow a1) c= rng c by RELAT_1:144; then A36: c.:(compactbelow a1) c= the carrier of Imc by YELLOW_2:11; a = sup compactbelow a1 by A8,Def3; then a = sup (c.:(compactbelow a1)) by A8,A33,A34,WAYBEL_0:def 31; then A37: a = "\/"(c.:(compactbelow a1),Imc) by A8,A35,A36,WAYBEL_1:58; A38: ex_sup_of c.:(compactbelow a1),Imc by YELLOW_0:17; A39: ex_sup_of (downarrow a) /\ (c.:([#] CompactSublatt L)),Imc by YELLOW_0:17; now let z be set; assume z in c.:(compactbelow a1); then consider v be set such that A40: v in dom c and A41: v in compactbelow a1 and A42: z = c.v by FUNCT_1:def 12; A43: v in downarrow a1 /\ the carrier of CompactSublatt L by A41,Th5; then v in the carrier of CompactSublatt L by XBOOLE_0:def 3; then v in [#]CompactSublatt L by PRE_TOPC:12; then A44: z in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A40,A42,FUNCT_1:def 12; A45: v in downarrow a1 by A43,XBOOLE_0:def 3; then reconsider v' = v as Element of L; v' <= a1 by A45,WAYBEL_0:17; then c.v' <= a1 by A8,A10,WAYBEL_1:def 2; then z in (downarrow a1) by A42,WAYBEL_0:17; hence z in (downarrow a1) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L)) by A44,XBOOLE_0:def 3; end; then A46: c.:(compactbelow a1) c= (downarrow a1) /\ (c.:([#] CompactSublatt L)) by TARSKI:def 3; now let z be set; assume A47: z in (downarrow a1) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L)); then A48: z in downarrow a1 & z in c.:([#] CompactSublatt L) by XBOOLE_0:def 3; reconsider z1 = z as Element of L by A47; z in rng c by A11,A48; then z in the carrier of Imc by YELLOW_2:11; then reconsider z2 = z1 as Element of Imc; z1 <= a1 by A48,WAYBEL_0:17; then z2 <= a by A8,YELLOW_0:61; then z in (downarrow a) by WAYBEL_0:17; hence z in (downarrow a) /\ (c.: ([#]CompactSublatt L)) by A48,XBOOLE_0:def 3; end; then (downarrow a1) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L)) c= (downarrow a) /\ (c.: ([#]CompactSublatt L)) by TARSKI:def 3; then c.:(compactbelow a1) c= (downarrow a) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L)) by A46,XBOOLE_1:1 ; then a <= "\/"((downarrow a) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L)),Imc) by A37,A38,A39,YELLOW_0:34 ; then consider k be Element of Imc such that A49: k in ((downarrow a) /\ (c.:([#]CompactSublatt L))) & a <= k by A9,A12,WAYBEL_3:def 1; A50: k in downarrow a & k in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A49,XBOOLE_0:def 3; then k <= a by WAYBEL_0:17; hence a' in c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by A49,A50,ORDERS_1:25; end; then [#]CompactSublatt Image c c= c.:([#]CompactSublatt L) by TARSKI:def 3 ; hence thesis by A2,XBOOLE_0:def 10; end; begin :: Boolean Posets as Algebraic Lattices theorem Th28: for X,x be set holds x is Element of BoolePoset X iff x c= X proof let X,x be set; LattPOSet BooleLatt X = RelStr(#the carrier of BooleLatt X, LattRel (BooleLatt X)#) by LATTICE3:def 2; then A1: the carrier of BoolePoset X = the carrier of BooleLatt X by YELLOW_1:def 2 .= bool X by LATTICE3:def 1; hence x is Element of BoolePoset X implies x c= X; thus thesis by A1; end; theorem Th29: for X be set for x,y be Element of BoolePoset X holds x << y iff for Y be Subset-Family of X st y c= union Y ex Z be finite Subset of Y st x c= union Z proof let X be set; let x,y be Element of BoolePoset X; LattPOSet BooleLatt X = RelStr(#the carrier of BooleLatt X, LattRel (BooleLatt X)#) by LATTICE3:def 2; then A1: the carrier of BoolePoset X = the carrier of BooleLatt X by YELLOW_1:def 2 .= bool X by LATTICE3:def 1; thus x << y implies for Y be Subset-Family of X st y c= union Y ex Z be finite Subset of Y st x c= union Z proof assume A2: x << y; let Y be Subset-Family of X; reconsider Y' = Y as Subset of BoolePoset X by A1; assume y c= union Y; then y c= sup Y' by YELLOW_1:21; then y <= sup Y' by YELLOW_1:2; then consider Z be finite Subset of BoolePoset X such that A3: Z c= Y & x <= sup Z by A2,WAYBEL_3:18; reconsider Z' = Z as finite Subset of Y by A3; take Z'; x c= sup Z by A3,YELLOW_1:2; hence x c= union Z' by YELLOW_1:21; end; thus (for Y be Subset-Family of X st y c= union Y ex Z be finite Subset of Y st x c= union Z) implies x << y proof assume A4: for Y be Subset-Family of X st y c= union Y ex Z be finite Subset of Y st x c= union Z; now let Y be Subset of BoolePoset X; reconsider Y' = Y as Subset-Family of X by A1,SETFAM_1:def 7; assume y <= sup Y; then y c= sup Y by YELLOW_1:2; then y c= union Y' by YELLOW_1:21; then consider Z' be finite Subset of Y' such that A5: x c= union Z' by A4; Z' c= the carrier of BoolePoset X by XBOOLE_1:1; then reconsider Z = Z' as finite Subset of BoolePoset X ; take Z; thus Z c= Y; x c= sup Z by A5,YELLOW_1:21; hence x <= sup Z by YELLOW_1:2; end; hence x << y by WAYBEL_3:19; end; end; theorem Th30: for X be set for x be Element of BoolePoset X holds x is finite iff x is compact proof let X be set; let x be Element of BoolePoset X; per cases; suppose A1: x is empty; then A2: x = Bottom BoolePoset X by YELLOW_1:18; x = {} by A1; hence thesis by A2,WAYBEL_3:15; suppose A3: x is non empty; thus x is finite implies x is compact proof assume A4: x is finite; now let Y be Subset-Family of X; assume A5: x c= union Y; defpred P[set,set] means $1 in $2; A6: for e be set st e in x ex u be set st u in Y & P[e,u] proof let e be set; assume e in x; then ex u be set st e in u & u in Y by A5,TARSKI:def 4; hence ex u be set st u in Y & e in u; end; consider f be Function such that A7: dom f = x and A8: rng f c= Y and A9: for e be set st e in x holds P[e,f.e] from NonUniqBoundFuncEx(A6); reconsider Z = rng f as Subset of Y by A8; reconsider Z as finite Subset of Y by A4,A7,FINSET_1:26; take Z; now let z be set; assume A10: z in x; then A11: z in f.z by A9; f.z in Z by A7,A10,FUNCT_1:def 5; hence z in union Z by A11,TARSKI:def 4; end; hence x c= union Z by TARSKI:def 3; end; then x << x by Th29; hence x is compact by WAYBEL_3:def 2; end; thus x is compact implies x is finite proof reconsider x' = x as non empty set by A3; set Y = { {y} where y is Element of x' : not contradiction }; assume x is compact; then A12: x << x by WAYBEL_3:def 2; Y c= bool X proof let t be set; assume t in Y; then consider y' be Element of x' such that A13: t = {y'}; now let k be set; A14: x c= X by Th28; assume k in t; then k = y' by A13,TARSKI:def 1; hence k in X by A14,TARSKI:def 3; end; then t c= X by TARSKI:def 3; hence t in bool X; end; then reconsider Y as Subset-Family of X by SETFAM_1:def 7; now let y be set; assume y in x; then A15: {y} in Y; y in {y} by TARSKI:def 1; hence y in union Y by A15,TARSKI:def 4; end; then x c= union Y by TARSKI:def 3; then consider Z be finite Subset of Y such that A16: x c= union Z by A12,Th29; now let k be set; assume k in Z; then k in Y; then consider y' be Element of x' such that A17: k = {y'}; thus k is finite by A17; end; then union Z is finite by FINSET_1:25; hence x is finite by A16,FINSET_1:13; end; end; theorem Th31: for X be set for x be Element of BoolePoset X holds compactbelow x = {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} proof let X be set; let x be Element of BoolePoset X; now let z be set; assume z in compactbelow x; then z in {y where y is Element of BoolePoset X: x >= y & y is compact} by Def2; then consider z' be Element of BoolePoset X such that A1: z' = z & x >= z' & z' is compact; A2: z is finite by A1,Th30; z' c= x by A1,YELLOW_1:2; hence z in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} by A1,A2 ; end; then A3: compactbelow x c= {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} by TARSKI:def 3; now let z be set; assume z in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction}; then consider z' be finite Subset of x such that A4: z' = z; x c= X by Th28; then z' c= X by XBOOLE_1:1; then reconsider z1 = z' as Element of BoolePoset X by Th28; A5: z1 is compact by Th30; z1 <= x by YELLOW_1:2; hence z in compactbelow x by A4,A5,Th4; end; then {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} c= compactbelow x by TARSKI:def 3; hence thesis by A3,XBOOLE_0:def 10; end; theorem :: EXAMPLES 4.11.(1a) for X be set for F be Subset of X holds F in the carrier of CompactSublatt BoolePoset X iff F is finite proof let X be set; let F be Subset of X; thus F in the carrier of CompactSublatt BoolePoset X implies F is finite proof assume A1: F in the carrier of CompactSublatt BoolePoset X; the carrier of CompactSublatt BoolePoset X c= the carrier of BoolePoset X by YELLOW_0:def 13; then reconsider F' = F as Element of BoolePoset X by A1; F' <= F' & F' is compact by A1,Def1; then F' in compactbelow F' by Th4; then F' in {y where y is finite Subset of F' : not contradiction} by Th31 ; then consider F1 be finite Subset of F' such that A2: F1 = F'; thus F is finite by A2; end; assume A3: F is finite; reconsider F' = F as Element of BoolePoset X by Th28; F c= F; then F in {y where y is finite Subset of F' : not contradiction} by A3; then F' in compactbelow F' by Th31; then F' is compact by Th4; hence thesis by Def1; end; definition let X be set; let x be Element of BoolePoset X; cluster compactbelow x -> lower directed; coherence proof now let a,b be set; assume A1: a c= b & b in compactbelow x; then b in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} by Th31; then consider b1 be finite Subset of x such that A2: b = b1; a is finite Subset of x by A1,A2,FINSET_1:13,XBOOLE_1:1; then a in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction}; hence a in compactbelow x by Th31; end; hence A3: compactbelow x is lower by WAYBEL_7:10; now let a,b be set; assume a in compactbelow x & b in compactbelow x; then A4: a in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} & b in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction} by Th31; then consider a1 be finite Subset of x such that A5: a = a1; consider b1 be finite Subset of x such that A6: b = b1 by A4; a \/ b is finite Subset of x by A5,A6,FINSET_1:14,XBOOLE_1:8; then a \/ b in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction}; hence a \/ b in compactbelow x by Th31; end; hence compactbelow x is directed by A3,WAYBEL_7:12; end; end; theorem Th33: :: EXAMPLES 4.11.(1b) for X be set holds BoolePoset X is algebraic proof let X be set; A1: for x be Element of BoolePoset X holds compactbelow x is non empty directed; now let x be Element of BoolePoset X; for b be Element of BoolePoset X st b in compactbelow x holds b <= x by Th4; then A2: x is_>=_than compactbelow x by LATTICE3:def 9; now let a be Element of BoolePoset X; assume A3: a is_>=_than compactbelow x; now let t be set; A4: t in {t} by TARSKI:def 1; assume A5: t in x; A6: x c= X by Th28; now let k be set; assume k in {t}; then k = t by TARSKI:def 1; hence k in X by A5,A6; end; then {t} c= X by TARSKI:def 3; then reconsider t1 = {t} as Element of BoolePoset X by Th28; for k be set st k in {t} holds k in x by A5,TARSKI:def 1; then {t} is finite Subset of x by TARSKI:def 3; then {t} in {y where y is finite Subset of x : not contradiction}; then {t} in compactbelow x by Th31; then t1 <= a by A3,LATTICE3:def 9; then {t} c= a by YELLOW_1:2; hence t in a by A4; end; then x c= a by TARSKI:def 3; hence x <= a by YELLOW_1:2; end; hence x = sup compactbelow x by A2,YELLOW_0:32; end; then BoolePoset X is satisfying_axiom_K by Def3; hence BoolePoset X is algebraic by A1,Def4; end; definition let X be set; cluster BoolePoset X -> algebraic; coherence by Th33; end;