let A be non empty closed_interval Subset of REAL; for f being PartFunc of REAL,REAL st A c= dom f & f | A is continuous holds
f is_integrable_on A
let f be PartFunc of REAL,REAL; ( A c= dom f & f | A is continuous implies f is_integrable_on A )
assume A1:
A c= dom f
; ( not f | A is continuous or f is_integrable_on A )
reconsider g = f | A as PartFunc of A,REAL by PARTFUN1:10;
A2: dom g =
(dom f) /\ A
by RELAT_1:61
.=
A
by A1, XBOOLE_1:28
;
then A3:
g is total
by PARTFUN1:def 2;
for y being object st y in f .: A holds
y in rng g
then A6:
f .: A c= rng g
by TARSKI:def 3;
for y being object st y in rng g holds
y in f .: A
then
rng g c= f .: A
by TARSKI:def 3;
then A9:
rng g = f .: A
by A6, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
assume A10:
f | A is continuous
; f is_integrable_on A
then
f .: A is real-bounded
by A1, FCONT_1:29, RCOMP_1:10;
then A11:
( g | A is bounded_above & g | A is bounded_below )
by A9, INTEGRA1:12, INTEGRA1:14;
reconsider g = g as Function of A,REAL by A3;
A12:
f | A is uniformly_continuous
by A1, A10, FCONT_2:11;
for T being DivSequence of A st delta T is convergent & lim (delta T) = 0 holds
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
proof
let T be
DivSequence of
A;
( delta T is convergent & lim (delta T) = 0 implies (lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0 )
reconsider osc =
(upper_sum (g,T)) - (lower_sum (g,T)) as
Real_Sequence ;
assume A13:
(
delta T is
convergent &
lim (delta T) = 0 )
;
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
A14:
for
r being
Real st
0 < r holds
ex
n being
Nat st
for
m being
Nat st
n <= m holds
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r
proof
let r be
Real;
( 0 < r implies ex n being Nat st
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r )
assume A15:
r > 0
;
ex n being Nat st
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r
ex
r1 being
Real st
(
r1 > 0 &
r1 * (vol A) < r )
then consider r1 being
Real such that A20:
r1 > 0
and A21:
r1 * (vol A) < r
;
consider s being
Real such that A22:
0 < s
and A23:
for
x1,
x2 being
Real st
x1 in dom (f | A) &
x2 in dom (f | A) &
|.(x1 - x2).| < s holds
|.((f . x1) - (f . x2)).| < r1
by A12, A20, FCONT_2:1;
consider n being
Nat such that A24:
for
m being
Nat st
n <= m holds
|.(((delta T) . m) - 0).| < s
by A13, A22, SEQ_2:def 7;
A25:
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
proof
let m be
Element of
NAT ;
( n <= m implies ((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A) )
reconsider D =
T . m as
Division of
A ;
len (upper_volume (g,D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
then reconsider UV =
upper_volume (
g,
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:92;
len (lower_volume (g,D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then reconsider LV =
lower_volume (
g,
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:92;
reconsider OSC =
UV - LV as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL ;
len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
then reconsider VOL =
upper_volume (
(chi (A,A)),
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:92;
assume A26:
n <= m
;
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
A27:
for
k being
Element of
NAT st
k in dom D holds
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
proof
let k be
Element of
NAT ;
( k in dom D implies ((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k) )
assume A28:
k in dom D
;
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
reconsider h =
g | (divset (D,k)) as
PartFunc of
(divset (D,k)),
REAL by PARTFUN1:10;
dom g = A
by PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
(dom g) /\ (divset (D,k)) = divset (
D,
k)
by A28, INTEGRA1:8, XBOOLE_1:28;
then
dom h = divset (
D,
k)
by RELAT_1:61;
then
h is
total
by PARTFUN1:def 2;
then reconsider h =
h as
Function of
(divset (D,k)),
REAL ;
A29:
for
x1,
x2 being
Real st
x1 in divset (
D,
k) &
x2 in divset (
D,
k) holds
|.((h . x1) - (h . x2)).| <= r1
proof
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A28, INTEGRA1:20;
then A30:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k >= 0
by INTEGRA1:9;
k in Seg (len D)
by A28, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then A31:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
dom h = (dom g) /\ (divset (D,k))
by RELAT_1:61;
then A32:
dom h c= dom g
by XBOOLE_1:17;
let x1,
x2 be
Real;
( x1 in divset (D,k) & x2 in divset (D,k) implies |.((h . x1) - (h . x2)).| <= r1 )
assume that A33:
x1 in divset (
D,
k)
and A34:
x2 in divset (
D,
k)
;
|.((h . x1) - (h . x2)).| <= r1
A35:
x2 in dom h
by A34, PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
g . x2 = h . x2
by FUNCT_1:47;
then A36:
f . x2 = h . x2
by A35, A32, FUNCT_1:47;
A37:
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . m
proof
now |.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . mper cases
( x1 >= x2 or x1 < x2 )
;
suppose
x1 >= x2
;
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . mthen
x1 - x2 >= 0
by XREAL_1:48;
then A38:
|.(x1 - x2).| = x1 - x2
by ABSVALUE:def 1;
(
x1 <= upper_bound (divset (D,k)) &
x2 >= lower_bound (divset (D,k)) )
by A33, A34, INTEGRA2:1;
then
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (upper_bound (divset (D,k))) - (lower_bound (divset (D,k)))
by A38, XREAL_1:13;
then A39:
|.(x1 - x2).| <= vol (divset (D,k))
by INTEGRA1:def 5;
k in Seg (len D)
by A28, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A40:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= delta (T . m)
by INTEGRA3:def 1;
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A28, INTEGRA1:20;
then
|.(x1 - x2).| <= delta (T . m)
by A39, A40, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . m
by INTEGRA3:def 2;
verum end; suppose
x1 < x2
;
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . mthen
x1 - x2 < 0
by XREAL_1:49;
then
|.(x1 - x2).| = - (x1 - x2)
by ABSVALUE:def 1;
then A41:
|.(x1 - x2).| = x2 - x1
;
(
x2 <= upper_bound (divset (D,k)) &
x1 >= lower_bound (divset (D,k)) )
by A33, A34, INTEGRA2:1;
then
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (upper_bound (divset (D,k))) - (lower_bound (divset (D,k)))
by A41, XREAL_1:13;
then A42:
|.(x1 - x2).| <= vol (divset (D,k))
by INTEGRA1:def 5;
k in Seg (len D)
by A28, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A43:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= delta (T . m)
by INTEGRA3:def 1;
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A28, INTEGRA1:20;
then
|.(x1 - x2).| <= delta (T . m)
by A42, A43, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . m
by INTEGRA3:def 2;
verum end; end; end;
hence
|.(x1 - x2).| <= (delta T) . m
;
verum
end;
(delta T) . m =
delta D
by INTEGRA3:def 2
.=
max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA3:def 1
;
then
((delta T) . m) - 0 >= 0
by A30, A31, XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A44:
|.(x1 - x2).| <= |.(((delta T) . m) - 0).|
by A37, ABSVALUE:def 1;
|.(((delta T) . m) - 0).| < s
by A24, A26;
then A45:
|.(x1 - x2).| < s
by A44, XXREAL_0:2;
A46:
x1 in dom h
by A33, PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
g . x1 = h . x1
by FUNCT_1:47;
then
f . x1 = h . x1
by A46, A32, FUNCT_1:47;
hence
|.((h . x1) - (h . x2)).| <= r1
by A23, A45, A46, A35, A32, A36;
verum
end;
vol (divset (D,k)) >= 0
by INTEGRA1:9;
then
((upper_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) - (lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k)))))) * (vol (divset (D,k))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A29, INTEGRA4:24, XREAL_1:64;
then
((upper_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) - ((lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
;
then
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A28, INTEGRA1:def 6;
then
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A28, INTEGRA1:def 7;
hence
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
by A28, INTEGRA1:20;
verum
end;
for
k being
Nat st
k in Seg (len D) holds
OSC . k <= (r1 * VOL) . k
then
Sum OSC <= Sum (r1 * VOL)
by RVSUM_1:82;
then
Sum OSC <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by RVSUM_1:87;
then
(Sum UV) - (Sum LV) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by RVSUM_1:90;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (Sum LV) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by INTEGRA1:def 8;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by INTEGRA1:def 9;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA1:24;
then
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA2:def 2;
hence
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA2:def 3;
verum
end;
take
n
;
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r
let m be
Nat;
( n <= m implies |.((osc . m) - 0).| < r )
reconsider mm =
m as
Element of
NAT by ORDINAL1:def 12;
reconsider D =
T . mm as
Division of
A ;
assume
n <= m
;
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r
then
((upper_sum (g,T)) . mm) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . mm) <= r1 * (vol A)
by A25;
then A48:
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) < r
by A21, XXREAL_0:2;
upper_sum (
g,
D)
>= lower_sum (
g,
D)
by A11, INTEGRA1:28;
then
(upper_sum (g,T)) . mm >= lower_sum (
g,
D)
by INTEGRA2:def 2;
then
(upper_sum (g,T)) . mm >= (lower_sum (g,T)) . mm
by INTEGRA2:def 3;
then A49:
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) >= 0
by XREAL_1:48;
osc . m =
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) + ((- (lower_sum (g,T))) . m)
by SEQ_1:7
.=
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) + (- ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m))
by SEQ_1:10
.=
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m)
;
hence
|.((osc . m) - 0).| < r
by A48, A49, ABSVALUE:def 1;
verum
end;
then
osc is
convergent
by SEQ_2:def 6;
then A50:
lim osc = 0
by A14, SEQ_2:def 7;
(
upper_sum (
g,
T) is
convergent &
lower_sum (
g,
T) is
convergent )
by A11, A13, INTEGRA4:8, INTEGRA4:9;
hence
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
by A50, SEQ_2:12;
verum
end;
then
g is integrable
by A11, INTEGRA4:12;
hence
f is_integrable_on A
; verum