let f, g be PartFunc of REAL,REAL; for b being Real st left_closed_halfline b c= dom f & left_closed_halfline b c= dom g & f is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & ( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = +infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = -infty ) & ( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = -infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = +infty ) holds
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )
let b be Real; ( left_closed_halfline b c= dom f & left_closed_halfline b c= dom g & f is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & ( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = +infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = -infty ) & ( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = -infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = +infty ) implies ( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) ) )
assume that
A1:
left_closed_halfline b c= dom f
and
A2:
left_closed_halfline b c= dom g
and
A3:
f is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
and
A4:
g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
and
A5:
( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = +infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = -infty )
and
A6:
( not improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = -infty or not improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = +infty )
; ( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )
A7:
for d being Real st d <= b holds
( f + g is_integrable_on ['d,b'] & (f + g) | ['d,b'] is bounded )
proof
let d be
Real;
( d <= b implies ( f + g is_integrable_on ['d,b'] & (f + g) | ['d,b'] is bounded ) )
assume A8:
d <= b
;
( f + g is_integrable_on ['d,b'] & (f + g) | ['d,b'] is bounded )
A9:
(
f is_integrable_on ['d,b'] &
f | ['d,b'] is
bounded &
g is_integrable_on ['d,b'] &
g | ['d,b'] is
bounded )
by A3, A4, A8;
[.d,b.] c= ].-infty,b.]
by XXREAL_1:265;
then
['d,b'] c= ].-infty,b.]
by A8, INTEGRA5:def 3;
then
(
['d,b'] c= dom f &
['d,b'] c= dom g )
by A1, A2;
hence
f + g is_integrable_on ['d,b']
by A9, INTEGRA6:11;
(f + g) | ['d,b'] is bounded
(f + g) | (['d,b'] /\ ['d,b']) is
bounded
by A9, RFUNCT_1:83;
hence
(f + g) | ['d,b'] is
bounded
;
verum
end;
per cases
( ( f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b ) or ( f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & not g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b ) or ( not f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b ) or ( not f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & not g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b ) )
;
suppose A10:
(
f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b &
g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b )
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A11:
(
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= infty_ext_left_integral (
f,
b) &
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= infty_ext_left_integral (
g,
b) )
by A3, A4, Th22;
A12:
(
f + g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b &
infty_ext_left_integral (
(f + g),
b)
= (infty_ext_left_integral (f,b)) + (infty_ext_left_integral (g,b)) )
by A1, A2, A10, INTEGR10:10;
thus
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A1, A2, A10, INTEGR10:10, Th20;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= infty_ext_left_integral (
(f + g),
b)
by A12, Th22;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A11, A12, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; suppose A13:
(
f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & not
g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b )
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A14:
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= infty_ext_left_integral (
f,
b)
by A3, Th22;
consider Intf being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A15:
dom Intf = left_closed_halfline b
and A16:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intf holds
Intf . x = integral (
f,
x,
b)
and A17:
Intf is
convergent_in-infty
by A13, INTEGR10:def 6;
consider Intg being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A18:
dom Intg = left_closed_halfline b
and A19:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intg holds
Intg . x = integral (
g,
x,
b)
and
(
Intg is
convergent_in-infty or
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty or
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty )
by A4;
A20:
dom (Intf + Intg) =
(left_closed_halfline b) /\ (left_closed_halfline b)
by A15, A18, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
left_closed_halfline b
;
A21:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom (Intf + Intg) holds
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
proof
let x be
Real;
( x in dom (Intf + Intg) implies (Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b) )
assume A22:
x in dom (Intf + Intg)
;
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b)
then A23:
x <= b
by A20, XXREAL_1:2;
[.x,b.] c= left_closed_halfline b
by XXREAL_1:265;
then A24:
(
[.x,b.] c= dom f &
[.x,b.] c= dom g )
by A1, A2;
A25:
['x,b'] = [.x,b.]
by A23, INTEGRA5:def 3;
(
f is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
f | ['x,b'] is
bounded &
g is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
g | ['x,b'] is
bounded )
by A3, A4, A23;
then
integral (
(f + g),
['x,b'])
= (integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A24, A25, INTEGRA6:11;
then A26:
integral (
(f + g),
x,
b) =
(integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A23, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A23, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A23, INTEGRA5:def 4
;
(Intf + Intg) . x =
(Intf . x) + (Intg . x)
by A22, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (Intg . x)
by A22, A20, A15, A16
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A22, A20, A18, A19
;
hence
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
by A26;
verum
end; A27:
for
r being
Real ex
g being
Real st
(
g < r &
g in dom (Intf + Intg) )
per cases
( improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = +infty or improper_integral_-infty (g,b) = -infty )
by A4, A13, Th22;
suppose A29:
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= +infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A30:
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty
by A4, A18, A19, Th37;
A31:
ex
r being
Real st
Intf | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_below
by A17, Th5;
then A32:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty
by A29, A27, A4, A18, A19, Th37, LIMFUNC1:56;
thus
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A20, A21, A31, A30, A27, LIMFUNC1:56;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= +infty
by A20, A21, A32, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A14, A29, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; suppose A33:
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= -infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A34:
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty
by A4, A18, A19, Th38;
A35:
ex
r being
Real st
Intf | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_above
by A17, Th5;
then A36:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty
by A33, A27, A4, A18, A19, Th38, Th11;
thus
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A20, A21, A35, A34, A27, Th11;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= -infty
by A20, A21, A36, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A14, A33, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; end; end; suppose A37:
( not
f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b &
g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b )
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A38:
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= infty_ext_left_integral (
g,
b)
by A4, Th22;
consider Intg being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A39:
dom Intg = left_closed_halfline b
and A40:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intg holds
Intg . x = integral (
g,
x,
b)
and A41:
Intg is
convergent_in-infty
by A37, INTEGR10:def 6;
consider Intf being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A42:
dom Intf = left_closed_halfline b
and A43:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intf holds
Intf . x = integral (
f,
x,
b)
and
(
Intf is
convergent_in-infty or
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty or
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty )
by A3;
A44:
dom (Intf + Intg) =
(left_closed_halfline b) /\ (left_closed_halfline b)
by A39, A42, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
left_closed_halfline b
;
A45:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom (Intf + Intg) holds
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
proof
let x be
Real;
( x in dom (Intf + Intg) implies (Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b) )
assume A46:
x in dom (Intf + Intg)
;
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b)
then A47:
x <= b
by A44, XXREAL_1:2;
[.x,b.] c= left_closed_halfline b
by XXREAL_1:265;
then A48:
(
[.x,b.] c= dom f &
[.x,b.] c= dom g )
by A1, A2;
A49:
['x,b'] = [.x,b.]
by A47, INTEGRA5:def 3;
(
f is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
f | ['x,b'] is
bounded &
g is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
g | ['x,b'] is
bounded )
by A3, A4, A47;
then
integral (
(f + g),
['x,b'])
= (integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A48, A49, INTEGRA6:11;
then A50:
integral (
(f + g),
x,
b) =
(integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A47, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A47, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A47, INTEGRA5:def 4
;
(Intf + Intg) . x =
(Intf . x) + (Intg . x)
by A46, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (Intg . x)
by A46, A44, A42, A43
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A46, A44, A39, A40
;
hence
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
by A50;
verum
end; A51:
for
r being
Real ex
g being
Real st
(
g < r &
g in dom (Intf + Intg) )
per cases
( improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = +infty or improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = -infty )
by A3, A37, Th22;
suppose A53:
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= +infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )
ex
r being
Real st
Intg | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_below
by A41, Th5;
then A54:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty
by A53, A51, A3, A42, A43, Th37, LIMFUNC1:56;
hence
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A44, A45;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= +infty
by A44, A45, A54, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A38, A53, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; suppose A55:
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= -infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )
ex
r being
Real st
Intg | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_above
by A41, Th5;
then A56:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty
by A55, A51, A3, A42, A43, Th38, Th11;
hence
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A44, A45;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= -infty
by A44, A45, A56, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A38, A55, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; end; end; suppose A57:
( not
f is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b & not
g is_-infty_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b )
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )consider Intf being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A58:
dom Intf = left_closed_halfline b
and A59:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intf holds
Intf . x = integral (
f,
x,
b)
and
(
Intf is
convergent_in-infty or
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty or
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty )
by A3;
consider Intg being
PartFunc of
REAL,
REAL such that A60:
dom Intg = left_closed_halfline b
and A61:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom Intg holds
Intg . x = integral (
g,
x,
b)
and
(
Intg is
convergent_in-infty or
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty or
Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty )
by A4;
A62:
dom (Intf + Intg) =
(left_closed_halfline b) /\ (left_closed_halfline b)
by A60, A58, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
left_closed_halfline b
;
A63:
for
x being
Real st
x in dom (Intf + Intg) holds
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
proof
let x be
Real;
( x in dom (Intf + Intg) implies (Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b) )
assume A64:
x in dom (Intf + Intg)
;
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral ((f + g),x,b)
then A65:
x <= b
by A62, XXREAL_1:2;
[.x,b.] c= left_closed_halfline b
by XXREAL_1:265;
then A66:
(
[.x,b.] c= dom f &
[.x,b.] c= dom g )
by A1, A2;
A67:
['x,b'] = [.x,b.]
by A65, INTEGRA5:def 3;
(
f is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
f | ['x,b'] is
bounded &
g is_integrable_on ['x,b'] &
g | ['x,b'] is
bounded )
by A3, A4, A65;
then
integral (
(f + g),
['x,b'])
= (integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A66, A67, INTEGRA6:11;
then A68:
integral (
(f + g),
x,
b) =
(integral (f,['x,b'])) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A65, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,['x,b']))
by A65, INTEGRA5:def 4
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A65, INTEGRA5:def 4
;
(Intf + Intg) . x =
(Intf . x) + (Intg . x)
by A64, VALUED_1:def 1
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (Intg . x)
by A64, A62, A58, A59
.=
(integral (f,x,b)) + (integral (g,x,b))
by A64, A62, A60, A61
;
hence
(Intf + Intg) . x = integral (
(f + g),
x,
b)
by A68;
verum
end; A69:
for
r being
Real ex
g being
Real st
(
g < r &
g in dom (Intf + Intg) )
per cases
( improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = +infty or improper_integral_-infty (f,b) = -infty )
by A3, A57, Th22;
suppose A71:
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= +infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A72:
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty
by A3, A58, A59, Th37;
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= +infty
by A71, A4, A57, A5, Th22;
then A73:
ex
r being
Real st
Intg | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_below
by A4, A60, A61, Th37, Th7;
then A74:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to+infty
by A69, A71, A3, A58, A59, Th37, LIMFUNC1:56;
thus
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A62, A63, A73, A72, A69, LIMFUNC1:56;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= +infty
by A62, A63, A74, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A5, A71, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; suppose A75:
improper_integral_-infty (
f,
b)
= -infty
;
( f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b & improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b)) )then A76:
Intf is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty
by A3, A58, A59, Th38;
improper_integral_-infty (
g,
b)
= -infty
by A75, A4, A57, A6, Th22;
then A77:
ex
r being
Real st
Intg | (left_open_halfline r) is
bounded_above
by A4, A60, A61, Th38, Th8;
then A78:
Intf + Intg is
divergent_in-infty_to-infty
by A75, A69, A3, A58, A59, Th38, Th11;
thus
f + g is_-infty_improper_integrable_on b
by A7, A62, A63, A76, A69, A77, Th11;
improper_integral_-infty ((f + g),b) = (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))then
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= -infty
by A62, A63, A78, Def3;
hence
improper_integral_-infty (
(f + g),
b)
= (improper_integral_-infty (f,b)) + (improper_integral_-infty (g,b))
by A6, A75, XXREAL_3:def 2;
verum end; end; end; end;