let f be PartFunc of REAL,REAL; for a, c being Real st f is_improper_integrable_on a,c holds
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
let a, c be Real; ( f is_improper_integrable_on a,c implies ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) ) )
assume
f is_improper_integrable_on a,c
; ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
then consider b being Real such that
A1:
( a < b & b < c )
and
A2:
f is_left_improper_integrable_on a,b
and
A3:
f is_right_improper_integrable_on b,c
and
A4:
( not left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = -infty or not right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = +infty )
and
A5:
( not left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = +infty or not right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = -infty )
;
consider IL being PartFunc of REAL,REAL such that
A6:
dom IL = ].a,b.]
and
A7:
for x being Real st x in dom IL holds
IL . x = integral (f,x,b)
and
A8:
( IL is_right_convergent_in a or IL is_right_divergent_to+infty_in a or IL is_right_divergent_to-infty_in a )
by A2;
consider IR being PartFunc of REAL,REAL such that
A9:
dom IR = [.b,c.[
and
A10:
for x being Real st x in dom IR holds
IR . x = integral (f,b,x)
and
A11:
( IR is_left_convergent_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to+infty_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to-infty_in c )
by A3;
per cases
( IL is_right_convergent_in a or IL is_right_divergent_to+infty_in a or IL is_right_divergent_to-infty_in a )
by A8;
suppose
IL is_right_convergent_in a
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
f is_left_ext_Riemann_integrable_on a,
b
by A2, A6, A7, INTEGR10:def 2;
then A12:
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b)
by A2, Th34;
per cases
( IR is_left_convergent_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to+infty_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to-infty_in c )
by A11;
suppose
IR is_left_convergent_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
f is_right_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b,
c
by A3, A9, A10, INTEGR10:def 1;
then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c)
by A3, Th39;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1, A12;
verum end; suppose
IR is_left_divergent_to+infty_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= +infty
by A3, A9, A10, Def4;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty
by A12, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; suppose
IR is_left_divergent_to-infty_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= -infty
by A3, A9, A10, Def4;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty
by A12, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; end; end; suppose A13:
IL is_right_divergent_to+infty_in a
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then A14:
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= +infty
by A2, A6, A7, Def3;
per cases
( IR is_left_convergent_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to+infty_in c )
by A11, A3, A9, A10, A13, A5, A2, A6, A7, Def3, Def4;
suppose
IR is_left_convergent_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
f is_right_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b,
c
by A3, A9, A10, INTEGR10:def 1;
then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c)
by A3, Th39;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty
by A14, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; suppose
IR is_left_divergent_to+infty_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= +infty
by A3, A9, A10, Def4;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty
by A14, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; end; end; suppose A15:
IL is_right_divergent_to-infty_in a
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then A16:
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= -infty
by A2, A6, A7, Def3;
per cases
( IR is_left_convergent_in c or IR is_left_divergent_to-infty_in c )
by A11, A3, A9, A10, A15, A4, A2, A6, A7, Def3, Def4;
suppose
IR is_left_convergent_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
f is_right_ext_Riemann_integrable_on b,
c
by A3, A9, A10, INTEGR10:def 1;
then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c)
by A3, Th39;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty
by A16, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; suppose
IR is_left_divergent_to-infty_in c
;
ex b being Real st
( a < b & b < c & ( ( left_improper_integral (f,a,b) = ext_left_integral (f,a,b) & right_improper_integral (f,b,c) = ext_right_integral (f,b,c) ) or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or (left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )then
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= -infty
by A3, A9, A10, Def4;
then
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty
by A16, XXREAL_3:def 2;
hence
ex
b being
Real st
(
a < b &
b < c & ( (
left_improper_integral (
f,
a,
b)
= ext_left_integral (
f,
a,
b) &
right_improper_integral (
f,
b,
c)
= ext_right_integral (
f,
b,
c) ) or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = +infty or
(left_improper_integral (f,a,b)) + (right_improper_integral (f,b,c)) = -infty ) )
by A1;
verum end; end; end; end;