let G be Group; for E being non empty set
for a being Element of E
for T being LeftOperation of G,E holds card (the_orbit_of (a,T)) = Index (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
let E be non empty set ; for a being Element of E
for T being LeftOperation of G,E holds card (the_orbit_of (a,T)) = Index (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
let a be Element of E; for T being LeftOperation of G,E holds card (the_orbit_of (a,T)) = Index (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
let T be LeftOperation of G,E; card (the_orbit_of (a,T)) = Index (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
set H = the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T);
set f = { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } ;
reconsider A9 = {a} as Subset of E ;
A1:
now for x being object st x in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } holds
ex b, A being object st x = [b,A]let x be
object ;
( x in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } implies ex b, A being object st x = [b,A] )assume
x in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) }
;
ex b, A being object st x = [b,A]then consider b being
Element of
E,
A being
Subset of
G such that A2:
[b,A] = x
and
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b = (T ^ g) . a &
A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
;
reconsider b =
b,
A =
A as
object ;
take b =
b;
ex A being object st x = [b,A]take A =
A;
x = [b,A]thus
x = [b,A]
by A2;
verum end;
now for x, y1, y2 being object st [x,y1] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } & [x,y2] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } holds
y1 = y2let x,
y1,
y2 be
object ;
( [x,y1] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } & [x,y2] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } implies y1 = y2 )assume
[x,y1] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) }
;
( [x,y2] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } implies y1 = y2 )then consider b1 being
Element of
E,
A1 being
Subset of
G such that A3:
[b1,A1] = [x,y1]
and A4:
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b1 = (T ^ g) . a &
A1 = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
;
assume
[x,y2] in { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) }
;
y1 = y2then consider b2 being
Element of
E,
A2 being
Subset of
G such that A5:
[b2,A2] = [x,y2]
and A6:
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b2 = (T ^ g) . a &
A2 = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
;
A7:
y2 = A2
by A5, XTUPLE_0:1;
consider g1 being
Element of
G such that A8:
b1 = (T ^ g1) . a
and A9:
A1 = g1 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A4;
consider g2 being
Element of
G such that A10:
b2 = (T ^ g2) . a
and A11:
A2 = g2 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A6;
x = b2
by A5, XTUPLE_0:1;
then
(
dom (T ^ g1) = E &
(T ^ g1) . a = (T ^ g2) . a )
by A3, A8, A10, FUNCT_2:def 1, XTUPLE_0:1;
then
(
dom (T ^ g2) = E &
Im (
(T ^ g1),
a)
= {((T ^ g2) . a)} )
by FUNCT_1:59, FUNCT_2:def 1;
then A12:
Im (
(T ^ g1),
a)
= Im (
(T ^ g2),
a)
by FUNCT_1:59;
set g =
(g2 ") * g1;
reconsider g =
(g2 ") * g1 as
Element of
G ;
A13:
the
carrier of
(the_strict_stabilizer_of (A9,T)) = { g9 where g9 is Element of G : (T ^ g9) .: A9 = A9 }
by Def10;
(T ^ g) .: A9 =
((T ^ (g2 ")) * (T ^ g1)) .: A9
by Def1
.=
(T ^ (g2 ")) .: ((T ^ g1) .: A9)
by RELAT_1:126
.=
((T ^ (g2 ")) * (T ^ g2)) .: A9
by A12, RELAT_1:126
.=
(T ^ ((g2 ") * g2)) .: A9
by Def1
.=
(T ^ (1_ G)) .: A9
by GROUP_1:def 5
.=
(id E) .: A9
by Def1
.=
A9
by FUNCT_1:92
;
then
g in { g9 where g9 is Element of G : (T ^ g9) .: A9 = A9 }
;
then A14:
g in the_strict_stabilizer_of (
A9,
T)
by A13;
y1 = A1
by A3, XTUPLE_0:1;
hence
y1 = y2
by A7, A9, A11, A14, GROUP_2:114;
verum end;
then reconsider f = { [b,A] where b is Element of E, A is Subset of G : ex g being Element of G st
( b = (T ^ g) . a & A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) } as Function by A1, FUNCT_1:def 1, RELAT_1:def 1;
for y being object holds
( y in Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) iff ex x being object st [x,y] in f )
proof
let y be
object ;
( y in Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) iff ex x being object st [x,y] in f )
given x being
object such that A17:
[x,y] in f
;
y in Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
consider b being
Element of
E,
A being
Subset of
G such that A18:
[b,A] = [x,y]
and A19:
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b = (T ^ g) . a &
A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
by A17;
A = y
by A18, XTUPLE_0:1;
hence
y in Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A19, GROUP_2:def 15;
verum
end;
then A20:
rng f = Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by XTUPLE_0:def 13;
now for x1, x2 being object st x1 in dom f & x2 in dom f & f . x1 = f . x2 holds
x1 = x2let x1,
x2 be
object ;
( x1 in dom f & x2 in dom f & f . x1 = f . x2 implies x1 = x2 )A21:
the
carrier of
(the_strict_stabilizer_of (A9,T)) = { g9 where g9 is Element of G : (T ^ g9) .: A9 = A9 }
by Def10;
assume
x1 in dom f
;
( x2 in dom f & f . x1 = f . x2 implies x1 = x2 )then
[x1,(f . x1)] in f
by FUNCT_1:1;
then consider b1 being
Element of
E,
A1 being
Subset of
G such that A22:
[b1,A1] = [x1,(f . x1)]
and A23:
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b1 = (T ^ g) . a &
A1 = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
;
assume
x2 in dom f
;
( f . x1 = f . x2 implies x1 = x2 )then
[x2,(f . x2)] in f
by FUNCT_1:1;
then consider b2 being
Element of
E,
A2 being
Subset of
G such that A24:
[b2,A2] = [x2,(f . x2)]
and A25:
ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b2 = (T ^ g) . a &
A2 = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) )
;
consider g2 being
Element of
G such that A26:
b2 = (T ^ g2) . a
and A27:
A2 = g2 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A25;
assume A28:
f . x1 = f . x2
;
x1 = x2consider g1 being
Element of
G such that A29:
b1 = (T ^ g1) . a
and A30:
A1 = g1 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A23;
set g =
(g2 ") * g1;
f . x2 = A2
by A24, XTUPLE_0:1;
then
g1 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) = g2 * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by A22, A30, A27, A28, XTUPLE_0:1;
then
(g2 ") * g1 in the_strict_stabilizer_of (
a,
T)
by GROUP_2:114;
then
(g2 ") * g1 in the
carrier of
(the_strict_stabilizer_of (A9,T))
;
then A31:
ex
g9 being
Element of
G st
(
(g2 ") * g1 = g9 &
(T ^ g9) .: A9 = A9 )
by A21;
(T ^ g1) .: A9 =
(id E) .: ((T ^ g1) .: A9)
by FUNCT_1:92
.=
(T ^ (1_ G)) .: ((T ^ g1) .: A9)
by Def1
.=
(T ^ (g2 * (g2 "))) .: ((T ^ g1) .: A9)
by GROUP_1:def 5
.=
((T ^ (g2 * (g2 "))) * (T ^ g1)) .: A9
by RELAT_1:126
.=
(T ^ ((g2 * (g2 ")) * g1)) .: A9
by Def1
.=
(T ^ (g2 * ((g2 ") * g1))) .: A9
by GROUP_1:def 3
.=
((T ^ g2) * (T ^ ((g2 ") * g1))) .: A9
by Def1
.=
(T ^ g2) .: A9
by A31, RELAT_1:126
;
then
(
dom (T ^ g2) = E &
Im (
(T ^ g1),
a)
= Im (
(T ^ g2),
a) )
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
(
dom (T ^ g1) = E &
Im (
(T ^ g1),
a)
= {((T ^ g2) . a)} )
by FUNCT_1:59, FUNCT_2:def 1;
then A32:
{((T ^ g1) . a)} = {((T ^ g2) . a)}
by FUNCT_1:59;
A33:
x2 = b2
by A24, XTUPLE_0:1;
x1 = b1
by A22, XTUPLE_0:1;
hence
x1 = x2
by A33, A29, A26, A32, ZFMISC_1:18;
verum end;
then A34:
f is one-to-one
by FUNCT_1:def 4;
for x being object holds
( x in the_orbit_of (a,T) iff ex y being object st [x,y] in f )
proof
let x be
object ;
( x in the_orbit_of (a,T) iff ex y being object st [x,y] in f )
given y being
object such that A38:
[x,y] in f
;
x in the_orbit_of (a,T)
consider b being
Element of
E,
A being
Subset of
G such that A39:
(
[b,A] = [x,y] & ex
g being
Element of
G st
(
b = (T ^ g) . a &
A = g * (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) ) )
by A38;
(
b = x &
a,
b are_conjugated_under T )
by A39, XTUPLE_0:1;
hence
x in the_orbit_of (
a,
T)
;
verum
end;
then
dom f = the_orbit_of (a,T)
by XTUPLE_0:def 12;
then
the_orbit_of (a,T), Left_Cosets (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T)) are_equipotent
by A34, A20;
hence
card (the_orbit_of (a,T)) = Index (the_strict_stabilizer_of (a,T))
by CARD_1:5; verum