reconsider ey0 = <*0,1*> as Point of (REAL-NS 2) by Lm9;
reconsider ex0 = <*1,0*> as Point of (REAL-NS 2) by Lm9;
let u be PartFunc of (REAL 2),REAL; for x0, y0 being Real
for xy0 being Element of REAL 2 st xy0 = <*x0,y0*> & <>* u is_differentiable_in xy0 holds
( u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,1 & u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,2 & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,1))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*1,0*> & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,2))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*0,1*> )
let x00, y00 be Real; for xy0 being Element of REAL 2 st xy0 = <*x00,y00*> & <>* u is_differentiable_in xy0 holds
( u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,1 & u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,2 & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,1))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*1,0*> & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,2))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*0,1*> )
let xy0 be Element of REAL 2; ( xy0 = <*x00,y00*> & <>* u is_differentiable_in xy0 implies ( u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,1 & u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,2 & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,1))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*1,0*> & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,2))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*0,1*> ) )
assume that
A1:
xy0 = <*x00,y00*>
and
A2:
<>* u is_differentiable_in xy0
; ( u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,1 & u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,2 & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,1))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*1,0*> & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,2))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*0,1*> )
reconsider x0 = x00, y0 = y00 as Element of REAL by XREAL_0:def 1;
A3:
xy0 = <*x0,y0*>
by A1;
set W = (proj (1,1)) " ;
consider g being PartFunc of (REAL-NS 2),(REAL-NS 1), gxy0 being Point of (REAL-NS 2) such that
A4:
<>* u = g
and
A5:
xy0 = gxy0
and
A6:
g is_differentiable_in gxy0
by A2;
consider N being Neighbourhood of gxy0 such that
A7:
N c= dom g
and
A8:
ex R being RestFunc of (REAL-NS 2),(REAL-NS 1) st
for xy being Point of (REAL-NS 2) st xy in N holds
(g /. xy) - (g /. gxy0) = ((diff (g,gxy0)) . (xy - gxy0)) + (R /. (xy - gxy0))
by A6, NDIFF_1:def 7;
consider R being RestFunc of (REAL-NS 2),(REAL-NS 1) such that
A9:
for xy being Point of (REAL-NS 2) st xy in N holds
(g /. xy) - (g /. gxy0) = ((diff (g,gxy0)) . (xy - gxy0)) + (R /. (xy - gxy0))
by A8;
consider r0 being Real such that
A10:
0 < r0
and
A11:
{ xy where xy is Point of (REAL-NS 2) : ||.(xy - gxy0).|| < r0 } c= N
by NFCONT_1:def 1;
consider f being PartFunc of (REAL-NS 2),(REAL-NS 1), fxy0 being Point of (REAL-NS 2) such that
A12:
( <>* u = f & xy0 = fxy0 )
and
A13:
diff ((<>* u),xy0) = diff (f,fxy0)
by A2, PDIFF_1:def 8;
rng u c= dom ((proj (1,1)) ")
by PDIFF_1:2;
then A14:
dom (<>* u) = dom u
by RELAT_1:27;
A15:
for xy being Element of REAL 2
for L1, R1 being Real
for z being Element of REAL 2 st xy in N & z = xy - xy0 & <*L1*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . z & <*R1*> = R . z holds
(u . xy) - (u . xy0) = L1 + R1
proof
let xy be
Element of
REAL 2;
for L1, R1 being Real
for z being Element of REAL 2 st xy in N & z = xy - xy0 & <*L1*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . z & <*R1*> = R . z holds
(u . xy) - (u . xy0) = L1 + R1let L1,
R1 be
Real;
for z being Element of REAL 2 st xy in N & z = xy - xy0 & <*L1*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . z & <*R1*> = R . z holds
(u . xy) - (u . xy0) = L1 + R1let z be
Element of
REAL 2;
( xy in N & z = xy - xy0 & <*L1*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . z & <*R1*> = R . z implies (u . xy) - (u . xy0) = L1 + R1 )
assume that A16:
xy in N
and A17:
z = xy - xy0
and A18:
<*L1*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . z
and A19:
<*R1*> = R . z
;
(u . xy) - (u . xy0) = L1 + R1
reconsider zxy =
xy as
Point of
(REAL-NS 2) by REAL_NS1:def 4;
A20:
zxy - gxy0 = z
by A5, A17, REAL_NS1:5;
R is
total
by NDIFF_1:def 5;
then
dom R = the
carrier of
(REAL-NS 2)
by PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
R /. (zxy - gxy0) = <*R1*>
by A19, A20, PARTFUN1:def 6;
then A21:
((diff (g,gxy0)) . (zxy - gxy0)) + (R /. (zxy - gxy0)) = <*(L1 + R1)*>
by A4, A5, A12, A13, A18, A20, Lm6;
A22:
xy0 in N
by A5, NFCONT_1:4;
then A23:
g /. gxy0 =
g . xy0
by A5, A7, PARTFUN1:def 6
.=
(<>* u) /. xy0
by A4, A7, A22, PARTFUN1:def 6
;
A24:
g /. zxy =
g . xy
by A7, A16, PARTFUN1:def 6
.=
(<>* u) /. xy
by A4, A7, A16, PARTFUN1:def 6
;
A25:
(g /. zxy) - (g /. gxy0) = ((diff (g,gxy0)) . (zxy - gxy0)) + (R /. (zxy - gxy0))
by A9, A16;
A26:
(<>* u) /. xy0 =
(<>* u) . xy0
by A4, A7, A22, PARTFUN1:def 6
.=
<*(u . xy0)*>
by A4, A7, A14, A22, Lm12
;
(<>* u) /. xy =
(<>* u) . xy
by A4, A7, A16, PARTFUN1:def 6
.=
<*(u . xy)*>
by A4, A7, A14, A16, Lm12
;
then (g /. zxy) - (g /. gxy0) =
<*(u . xy)*> - <*(u . xy0)*>
by A24, A23, A26, REAL_NS1:5
.=
<*(u . xy)*> + <*(- (u . xy0))*>
by RVSUM_1:20
.=
<*((u . xy) - (u . xy0))*>
by RVSUM_1:13
;
hence (u . xy) - (u . xy0) =
<*(L1 + R1)*> . 1
by A25, A21, FINSEQ_1:def 8
.=
L1 + R1
by FINSEQ_1:def 8
;
verum
end;
set Nx0 = ].(x0 - r0),(x0 + r0).[;
reconsider Nx0 = ].(x0 - r0),(x0 + r0).[ as Neighbourhood of x0 by A10, RCOMP_1:def 6;
A27:
for x being Real st x in Nx0 holds
<*x,y0*> in N
proof
let x be
Real;
( x in Nx0 implies <*x,y0*> in N )
reconsider xy =
<*x,y0*> as
Point of
(REAL-NS 2) by Lm9;
(
x - x0 in REAL &
0 in REAL )
by XREAL_0:def 1;
then reconsider xx =
<*(x - x0),0*> as
Element of
REAL 2
by FINSEQ_2:101;
reconsider xx1 =
xx as
Point of
(TOP-REAL 2) by EUCLID:22;
assume
x in Nx0
;
<*x,y0*> in N
then A28:
|.(x - x0).| < r0
by RCOMP_1:1;
xx1 `2 = 0
by FINSEQ_1:44;
then A29:
|.(xx1 `2).| = 0
by ABSVALUE:2;
xy - gxy0 =
<*(x - x0),(y0 - y0)*>
by A3, A5, Lm10
.=
<*(x - x0),0*>
;
then A30:
||.(xy - gxy0).|| = |.xx.|
by REAL_NS1:1;
(
|.(xx1 `1).| = |.(x - x0).| &
|.xx.| <= |.(xx1 `1).| + |.(xx1 `2).| )
by FINSEQ_1:44, JGRAPH_1:31;
then
||.(xy - gxy0).|| < r0
by A28, A29, A30, XXREAL_0:2;
then
xy in { z where z is Point of (REAL-NS 2) : ||.(z - gxy0).|| < r0 }
;
hence
<*x,y0*> in N
by A11;
verum
end;
now for s being object st s in (reproj (1,xy0)) .: Nx0 holds
s in dom ulet s be
object ;
( s in (reproj (1,xy0)) .: Nx0 implies s in dom u )assume
s in (reproj (1,xy0)) .: Nx0
;
s in dom uthen consider x being
Element of
REAL such that A31:
x in Nx0
and A32:
s = (reproj (1,xy0)) . x
by FUNCT_2:65;
A33:
<*x,y0*> in N
by A27, A31;
s =
Replace (
xy0,1,
x)
by A32, PDIFF_1:def 5
.=
<*x,y0*>
by A3, FINSEQ_7:13
;
hence
s in dom u
by A4, A7, A14, A33;
verum end;
then
( dom (reproj (1,xy0)) = REAL & (reproj (1,xy0)) .: Nx0 c= dom u )
by FUNCT_2:def 1, TARSKI:def 3;
then A34:
Nx0 c= dom (u * (reproj (1,xy0)))
by FUNCT_3:3;
defpred S1[ Element of REAL , Element of REAL ] means ex vx being Element of REAL 2 st
( vx = <*$1,0*> & <*$2*> = R . vx );
consider R1 being Function of REAL,REAL such that
A38:
for x being Element of REAL holds S1[x,R1 . x]
from FUNCT_2:sch 3(A35);
for h being non-zero 0 -convergent Real_Sequence holds
( (h ") (#) (R1 /* h) is convergent & lim ((h ") (#) (R1 /* h)) = 0 )
then reconsider R1 = R1 as RestFunc by FDIFF_1:def 2;
ex0 is Element of REAL 2
by REAL_NS1:def 4;
then
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ex0 is Element of REAL 1
by FUNCT_2:5;
then consider Dux being Element of REAL such that
A56:
<*Dux*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ex0
by FINSEQ_2:97;
deffunc H1( Real) -> Element of REAL = In ((Dux * $1),REAL);
consider LD1 being Function of REAL,REAL such that
A57:
for x being Element of REAL holds LD1 . x = H1(x)
from FUNCT_2:sch 4();
A58:
for x being Real holds LD1 . x = Dux * x
set Ny0 = ].(y0 - r0),(y0 + r0).[;
reconsider Ny0 = ].(y0 - r0),(y0 + r0).[ as Neighbourhood of y0 by A10, RCOMP_1:def 6;
A59:
for y being Real st y in Ny0 holds
<*x0,y*> in N
proof
let y be
Real;
( y in Ny0 implies <*x0,y*> in N )
reconsider xy =
<*x0,y*> as
Point of
(REAL-NS 2) by Lm9;
(
0 in REAL &
y - y0 in REAL )
by XREAL_0:def 1;
then reconsider xx =
<*0,(y - y0)*> as
Element of
REAL 2
by FINSEQ_2:101;
reconsider xx1 =
xx as
Point of
(TOP-REAL 2) by EUCLID:22;
assume
y in Ny0
;
<*x0,y*> in N
then A60:
|.(y - y0).| < r0
by RCOMP_1:1;
xx1 `1 = 0
by FINSEQ_1:44;
then A61:
|.(xx1 `1).| = 0
by ABSVALUE:2;
|.xx.| <= |.(xx1 `1).| + |.(xx1 `2).|
by JGRAPH_1:31;
then A62:
|.xx.| <= |.(y - y0).|
by A61, FINSEQ_1:44;
xy - gxy0 =
<*(x0 - x0),(y - y0)*>
by A3, A5, Lm10
.=
<*0,(y - y0)*>
;
then
||.(xy - gxy0).|| = |.xx.|
by REAL_NS1:1;
then
||.(xy - gxy0).|| < r0
by A60, A62, XXREAL_0:2;
then
xy in { z where z is Point of (REAL-NS 2) : ||.(z - gxy0).|| < r0 }
;
hence
<*x0,y*> in N
by A11;
verum
end;
now for s being object st s in (reproj (2,xy0)) .: Ny0 holds
s in dom ulet s be
object ;
( s in (reproj (2,xy0)) .: Ny0 implies s in dom u )assume
s in (reproj (2,xy0)) .: Ny0
;
s in dom uthen consider y being
Element of
REAL such that A63:
y in Ny0
and A64:
s = (reproj (2,xy0)) . y
by FUNCT_2:65;
A65:
<*x0,y*> in N
by A59, A63;
s =
Replace (
xy0,2,
y)
by A64, PDIFF_1:def 5
.=
<*x0,y*>
by A3, FINSEQ_7:14
;
hence
s in dom u
by A4, A7, A14, A65;
verum end;
then
( dom (reproj (2,xy0)) = REAL & (reproj (2,xy0)) .: Ny0 c= dom u )
by FUNCT_2:def 1, TARSKI:def 3;
then A66:
Ny0 c= dom (u * (reproj (2,xy0)))
by FUNCT_3:3;
defpred S2[ Element of REAL , Element of REAL ] means ex vy being Element of REAL 2 st
( vy = <*0,$1*> & <*$2*> = R . vy );
consider R3 being Function of REAL,REAL such that
A70:
for x being Element of REAL holds S2[x,R3 . x]
from FUNCT_2:sch 3(A67);
for h being non-zero 0 -convergent Real_Sequence holds
( (h ") (#) (R3 /* h) is convergent & lim ((h ") (#) (R3 /* h)) = 0 )
then reconsider R3 = R3 as RestFunc by FDIFF_1:def 2;
ey0 is Element of REAL 2
by REAL_NS1:def 4;
then
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ey0 is Element of REAL 1
by FUNCT_2:5;
then consider Duy being Element of REAL such that
A88:
<*Duy*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ey0
by FINSEQ_2:97;
deffunc H2( Real) -> Element of REAL = In ((Duy * $1),REAL);
consider LD3 being Function of REAL,REAL such that
A89:
for x being Element of REAL holds LD3 . x = H2(x)
from FUNCT_2:sch 4();
A90:
for x being Real holds LD3 . x = Duy * x
reconsider LD3 = LD3 as LinearFunc by A90, FDIFF_1:def 3;
A91: LD3 . 1 =
Duy * 1
by A90
.=
Duy
;
A92:
for y being Element of REAL holds (u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y = u . <*x0,y*>
A93:
for y being Real st y in Ny0 holds
((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y) - ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y0) = (LD3 . (y - y0)) + (R3 . (y - y0))
proof
ey0 is
Element of
REAL 2
by REAL_NS1:def 4;
then reconsider D1 =
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ey0 as
Element of
REAL 1
by FUNCT_2:5;
let y be
Real;
( y in Ny0 implies ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y) - ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y0) = (LD3 . (y - y0)) + (R3 . (y - y0)) )
assume A94:
y in Ny0
;
((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y) - ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y0) = (LD3 . (y - y0)) + (R3 . (y - y0))
reconsider yy =
y as
Element of
REAL by XREAL_0:def 1;
reconsider xy =
<*x0,yy*> as
Element of
REAL 2
by FINSEQ_2:101;
A95:
LD3 . (y - y0) = Duy * (y - y0)
by A90;
A96:
xy - xy0 =
<*(x0 - x0),(y - y0)*>
by A3, Lm7
.=
<*((y - y0) * 0),((y - y0) * 1)*>
.=
(y - y0) * ey0
by Lm11
;
A97:
diff (
f,
fxy0) is
LinearOperator of
(REAL-NS 2),
(REAL-NS 1)
by LOPBAN_1:def 9;
(y - y0) * D1 =
(y - y0) * ((diff (f,fxy0)) . ey0)
by A13, REAL_NS1:3
.=
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . (xy - xy0)
by A13, A96, A97, LOPBAN_1:def 5
;
then A98:
<*(LD3 . (y - y0))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . (xy - xy0)
by A88, A95, RVSUM_1:47;
<*0,(y - y0)*> =
<*(x0 - x0),(y - y0)*>
.=
xy - xy0
by A3, Lm7
;
then A99:
<*(R3 . (y - y0))*> = R . (xy - xy0)
by A71;
thus ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y) - ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y0) =
(u . <*x0,yy*>) - ((u * (reproj (2,xy0))) . y0)
by A92
.=
(u . xy) - (u . xy0)
by A3, A92
.=
(LD3 . (y - y0)) + (R3 . (y - y0))
by A15, A59, A94, A98, A99
;
verum
end;
reconsider LD1 = LD1 as LinearFunc by A58, FDIFF_1:def 3;
A100: LD1 . 1 =
Dux * 1
by A58
.=
Dux
;
A101:
for x being Element of REAL holds (u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x = u . <*x,y0*>
A102:
for x being Real st x in Nx0 holds
((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x) - ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x0) = (LD1 . (x - x0)) + (R1 . (x - x0))
proof
ex0 is
Element of
REAL 2
by REAL_NS1:def 4;
then reconsider D1 =
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . ex0 as
Element of
REAL 1
by FUNCT_2:5;
let x be
Real;
( x in Nx0 implies ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x) - ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x0) = (LD1 . (x - x0)) + (R1 . (x - x0)) )
assume A103:
x in Nx0
;
((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x) - ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x0) = (LD1 . (x - x0)) + (R1 . (x - x0))
reconsider xx =
x as
Element of
REAL by XREAL_0:def 1;
reconsider xy =
<*xx,y0*> as
Element of
REAL 2
by FINSEQ_2:101;
A104:
LD1 . (x - x0) = Dux * (x - x0)
by A58;
A105:
xy - xy0 =
<*(x - x0),(y0 - y0)*>
by A3, Lm7
.=
<*((x - x0) * 1),((x - x0) * 0)*>
.=
(x - x0) * ex0
by Lm11
;
A106:
diff (
f,
fxy0) is
LinearOperator of
(REAL-NS 2),
(REAL-NS 1)
by LOPBAN_1:def 9;
(x - x0) * D1 =
(x - x0) * ((diff (f,fxy0)) . ex0)
by A13, REAL_NS1:3
.=
(diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . (xy - xy0)
by A13, A105, A106, LOPBAN_1:def 5
;
then A107:
<*(LD1 . (x - x0))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . (xy - xy0)
by A56, A104, RVSUM_1:47;
<*(x - x0),0*> =
<*(x - x0),(y0 - y0)*>
.=
xy - xy0
by A3, Lm7
;
then A108:
<*(R1 . (x - x0))*> = R . (xy - xy0)
by A39;
thus ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x) - ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x0) =
(u . <*xx,y0*>) - ((u * (reproj (1,xy0))) . x0)
by A101
.=
(u . xy) - (u . xy0)
by A3, A101
.=
(LD1 . (x - x0)) + (R1 . (x - x0))
by A15, A27, A103, A107, A108
;
verum
end;
A109: (proj (2,2)) . xy0 =
xy0 . 2
by PDIFF_1:def 1
.=
y0
by A3, FINSEQ_1:44
;
then A110:
u * (reproj (2,xy0)) is_differentiable_in (proj (2,2)) . xy0
by A93, A66, FDIFF_1:def 4;
A111: (proj (1,2)) . xy0 =
xy0 . 1
by PDIFF_1:def 1
.=
x0
by A3, FINSEQ_1:44
;
then
u * (reproj (1,xy0)) is_differentiable_in (proj (1,2)) . xy0
by A102, A34, FDIFF_1:def 4;
hence
( u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,1 & u is_partial_differentiable_in xy0,2 & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,1))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*1,0*> & <*(partdiff (u,xy0,2))*> = (diff ((<>* u),xy0)) . <*0,1*> )
by A111, A109, A56, A88, A102, A93, A100, A34, A91, A66, A110, FDIFF_1:def 5; verum