let M be Cardinal; for X being set st ( for Z being set st Z in X holds
card Z in M ) & X is c=-linear holds
card (union X) c= M
let X be set ; ( ( for Z being set st Z in X holds
card Z in M ) & X is c=-linear implies card (union X) c= M )
assume that
A1:
for Z being set st Z in X holds
card Z in M
and
A2:
X is c=-linear
; card (union X) c= M
consider XX being set such that
A3:
XX c= X
and
A4:
union XX = union X
and
A5:
for Z being set st Z c= XX & Z <> {} holds
ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in Z & ( for Z2 being set st Z2 in Z holds
Z1 c= Z2 ) )
by A2, Th45;
A6:
for Z1, Z2 being set st Z1 in XX & Z2 in XX & not Z1 c= Z2 holds
Z2 c= Z1
by A2, A3, XBOOLE_0:def 9;
consider R being Relation such that
A7:
R well_orders union X
by WELLORD2:17;
A8:
R is_reflexive_in union X
by A7;
A9:
R is_transitive_in union X
by A7;
A10:
R is_antisymmetric_in union X
by A7;
A11:
R is_connected_in union X
by A7;
defpred S2[ object , object ] means ( ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in XX & $1 in Z1 & not $2 in Z1 ) or ( ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( $1 in Z1 iff $2 in Z1 ) ) & [$1,$2] in R ) );
consider Q being Relation such that
A12:
for x, y being object holds
( [x,y] in Q iff ( x in union X & y in union X & S2[x,y] ) )
from RELAT_1:sch 1();
A13:
field Q = union X
A16:
Q is reflexive
A19:
Q is transitive
proof
let x,
y,
z be
object ;
RELAT_2:def 8,
RELAT_2:def 16 ( not x in field Q or not y in field Q or not z in field Q or not [x,y] in Q or not [y,z] in Q or [x,z] in Q )
assume that A20:
x in field Q
and A21:
y in field Q
and A22:
z in field Q
and A23:
[x,y] in Q
and A24:
[y,z] in Q
;
[x,z] in Q
A25:
now ( ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in XX & x in Z1 & not y in Z1 ) & ex Z2 being set st
( Z2 in XX & y in Z2 & not z in Z2 ) implies [x,z] in Q )given Z1 being
set such that A26:
Z1 in XX
and A27:
x in Z1
and A28:
not
y in Z1
;
( ex Z2 being set st
( Z2 in XX & y in Z2 & not z in Z2 ) implies [x,z] in Q )given Z2 being
set such that A29:
Z2 in XX
and A30:
y in Z2
and A31:
not
z in Z2
;
[x,z] in Q
(
Z1 c= Z2 or
Z2 c= Z1 )
by A6, A26, A29;
hence
[x,z] in Q
by A12, A13, A20, A22, A27, A28, A29, A30, A31;
verum end;
A32:
now ( ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in XX & x in Z1 & not y in Z1 ) & ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( y in Z1 iff z in Z1 ) ) & [y,z] in R implies [x,z] in Q )given Z1 being
set such that A33:
Z1 in XX
and A34:
x in Z1
and A35:
not
y in Z1
;
( ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( y in Z1 iff z in Z1 ) ) & [y,z] in R implies [x,z] in Q )assume that A36:
for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
y in Z1 iff
z in Z1 )
and
[y,z] in R
;
[x,z] in Q
not
z in Z1
by A33, A35, A36;
hence
[x,z] in Q
by A12, A13, A20, A22, A33, A34;
verum end;
A37:
now ( ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in XX & y in Z1 & not z in Z1 ) & ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( x in Z1 iff y in Z1 ) ) & [x,y] in R implies [x,z] in Q )given Z1 being
set such that A38:
Z1 in XX
and A39:
y in Z1
and A40:
not
z in Z1
;
( ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( x in Z1 iff y in Z1 ) ) & [x,y] in R implies [x,z] in Q )assume that A41:
for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
x in Z1 iff
y in Z1 )
and
[x,y] in R
;
[x,z] in Q
x in Z1
by A38, A39, A41;
hence
[x,z] in Q
by A12, A13, A20, A22, A38, A40;
verum end;
now ( ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( x in Z1 iff y in Z1 ) ) & [x,y] in R & ( for Z1 being set st Z1 in XX holds
( y in Z1 iff z in Z1 ) ) & [y,z] in R implies [x,z] in Q )assume that A42:
for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
x in Z1 iff
y in Z1 )
and A43:
[x,y] in R
and A44:
for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
y in Z1 iff
z in Z1 )
and A45:
[y,z] in R
;
[x,z] in QA46:
[x,z] in R
by A9, A13, A20, A21, A22, A43, A45;
now for Z being set st Z in XX holds
( x in Z iff z in Z )let Z be
set ;
( Z in XX implies ( x in Z iff z in Z ) )assume A47:
Z in XX
;
( x in Z iff z in Z )then
(
x in Z iff
y in Z )
by A42;
hence
(
x in Z iff
z in Z )
by A44, A47;
verum end; hence
[x,z] in Q
by A12, A13, A20, A22, A46;
verum end;
hence
[x,z] in Q
by A12, A23, A24, A25, A32, A37;
verum
end;
A48:
Q is antisymmetric
proof
let x,
y be
object ;
RELAT_2:def 4,
RELAT_2:def 12 ( not x in field Q or not y in field Q or not [x,y] in Q or not [y,x] in Q or x = y )
assume that A49:
x in field Q
and A50:
y in field Q
and A51:
[x,y] in Q
and A52:
[y,x] in Q
;
x = y
A53:
( ex
Z1 being
set st
(
Z1 in XX &
x in Z1 & not
y in Z1 ) or ( ( for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
x in Z1 iff
y in Z1 ) ) &
[x,y] in R ) )
by A12, A51;
A54:
( ex
Z1 being
set st
(
Z1 in XX &
y in Z1 & not
x in Z1 ) or ( ( for
Z1 being
set st
Z1 in XX holds
(
y in Z1 iff
x in Z1 ) ) &
[y,x] in R ) )
by A12, A52;
now ( ex Z1 being set st
( Z1 in XX & x in Z1 & not y in Z1 ) & ex Z2 being set st
( Z2 in XX & y in Z2 & not x in Z2 ) implies x = y )given Z1 being
set such that A55:
Z1 in XX
and A56:
x in Z1
and A57:
not
y in Z1
;
( ex Z2 being set st
( Z2 in XX & y in Z2 & not x in Z2 ) implies x = y )given Z2 being
set such that A58:
Z2 in XX
and A59:
y in Z2
and A60:
not
x in Z2
;
x = y
(
Z1 c= Z2 or
Z2 c= Z1 )
by A6, A55, A58;
hence
x = y
by A56, A57, A59, A60;
verum end;
hence
x = y
by A10, A13, A49, A50, A53, A54;
verum
end;
A61:
Q is connected
proof
let x,
y be
object ;
RELAT_2:def 6,
RELAT_2:def 14 ( not x in field Q or not y in field Q or x = y or [x,y] in Q or [y,x] in Q )
assume that A62:
x in field Q
and A63:
y in field Q
and A64:
x <> y
;
( [x,y] in Q or [y,x] in Q )
now ( ( for Z being set st Z in XX holds
( x in Z iff y in Z ) ) & not [x,y] in Q implies [y,x] in Q )assume A65:
for
Z being
set st
Z in XX holds
(
x in Z iff
y in Z )
;
( [x,y] in Q or [y,x] in Q )A66:
(
[x,y] in R or
[y,x] in R )
by A11, A13, A62, A63, A64;
for
Z being
set st
Z in XX holds
(
y in Z iff
x in Z )
by A65;
hence
(
[x,y] in Q or
[y,x] in Q )
by A12, A13, A62, A63, A65, A66;
verum end;
hence
(
[x,y] in Q or
[y,x] in Q )
by A12, A13, A62, A63;
verum
end;
Q is well_founded
proof
let Y be
set ;
WELLORD1:def 2 ( not Y c= field Q or Y = {} or ex b1 being object st
( b1 in Y & Q -Seg b1 misses Y ) )
assume that A67:
Y c= field Q
and A68:
Y <> {}
;
ex b1 being object st
( b1 in Y & Q -Seg b1 misses Y )
defpred S3[
set ]
means $1
/\ Y <> {} ;
consider Z being
set such that A69:
for
x being
set holds
(
x in Z iff (
x in XX &
S3[
x] ) )
from XFAMILY:sch 1();
A70:
Z c= XX
by A69;
set x = the
Element of
Y;
the
Element of
Y in union XX
by A4, A13, A67, A68;
then consider Z1 being
set such that A71:
the
Element of
Y in Z1
and A72:
Z1 in XX
by TARSKI:def 4;
Z1 /\ Y <> {}
by A68, A71, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
Z <> {}
by A69, A72;
then consider Z1 being
set such that A73:
Z1 in Z
and A74:
for
Z2 being
set st
Z2 in Z holds
Z1 c= Z2
by A5, A70;
A75:
Z1 in XX
by A69, A73;
A76:
Z1 /\ Y c= Z1
by XBOOLE_1:17;
A77:
Z1 c= union X
by A3, A75, ZFMISC_1:74;
Z1 /\ Y <> {}
by A69, A73;
then consider x being
object such that A78:
x in Z1 /\ Y
and A79:
for
y being
object st
y in Z1 /\ Y holds
[x,y] in R
by A7, A76, A77, WELLORD1:5, XBOOLE_1:1;
take
x
;
( x in Y & Q -Seg x misses Y )
thus
x in Y
by A78, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
Q -Seg x misses Y
assume A80:
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y <> {}
;
XBOOLE_0:def 7 contradiction
set y = the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y;
A81:
x in Z1
by A78, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
A82:
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y in Q -Seg x
by A80, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
A83:
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y in Y
by A80, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
A84:
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y <> x
by A82, WELLORD1:1;
A85:
[ the Element of (Q -Seg x) /\ Y,x] in Q
by A82, WELLORD1:1;
then A90:
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y in Z1
by A12, A75, A81, A85;
A91:
[ the Element of (Q -Seg x) /\ Y,x] in R
by A12, A85, A86;
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y in Z1 /\ Y
by A83, A90, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then A92:
[x, the Element of (Q -Seg x) /\ Y] in R
by A79;
A93:
x in union X
by A12, A85;
the
Element of
(Q -Seg x) /\ Y in union X
by A12, A85;
hence
contradiction
by A10, A84, A91, A92, A93;
verum
end;
then
Q is well-ordering
by A16, A19, A48, A61;
then
Q, RelIncl (order_type_of Q) are_isomorphic
by WELLORD2:def 2;
then
RelIncl (order_type_of Q),Q are_isomorphic
by WELLORD1:40;
then consider g being Function such that
A94:
g is_isomorphism_of RelIncl (order_type_of Q),Q
;
A95:
field (RelIncl (order_type_of Q)) = order_type_of Q
by WELLORD2:def 1;
then A96:
dom g = order_type_of Q
by A94;
A97:
rng g = union X
by A13, A94;
A98:
g is one-to-one
by A94;
A99:
for Z being set
for x being object st Z in XX & x in Z holds
Q -Seg x c= Z
A106:
for A being Ordinal st A in order_type_of Q holds
card A = card (Q -Seg (g . A))
proof
let A be
Ordinal;
( A in order_type_of Q implies card A = card (Q -Seg (g . A)) )
assume A107:
A in order_type_of Q
;
card A = card (Q -Seg (g . A))
A,
Q -Seg (g . A) are_equipotent
proof
take f =
g | A;
WELLORD2:def 4 ( f is one-to-one & proj1 f = A & proj2 f = Q -Seg (g . A) )
A c= dom g
by A96, A107, ORDINAL1:def 2;
hence A108:
(
f is
one-to-one &
dom f = A )
by A98, FUNCT_1:52, RELAT_1:62;
proj2 f = Q -Seg (g . A)
thus
rng f c= Q -Seg (g . A)
XBOOLE_0:def 10 Q -Seg (g . A) c= proj2 fproof
let x be
object ;
TARSKI:def 3 ( not x in rng f or x in Q -Seg (g . A) )
assume
x in rng f
;
x in Q -Seg (g . A)
then consider y being
object such that A109:
y in dom f
and A110:
x = f . y
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider B =
y as
Ordinal by A108, A109;
A111:
B in order_type_of Q
by A107, A108, A109, ORDINAL1:10;
B c= A
by A108, A109, ORDINAL1:def 2;
then A112:
[B,A] in RelIncl (order_type_of Q)
by A107, A111, WELLORD2:def 1;
A113:
x = g . B
by A109, A110, FUNCT_1:47;
reconsider BB =
B as
set ;
not
BB in BB
;
then A114:
A <> B
by A108, A109;
A115:
[x,(g . A)] in Q
by A94, A112, A113;
x <> g . A
by A96, A98, A107, A111, A113, A114;
hence
x in Q -Seg (g . A)
by A115, WELLORD1:1;
verum
end;
let x be
object ;
TARSKI:def 3 ( not x in Q -Seg (g . A) or x in proj2 f )
assume A116:
x in Q -Seg (g . A)
;
x in proj2 f
then A117:
[x,(g . A)] in Q
by WELLORD1:1;
then
x in union X
by A12;
then consider y being
object such that A118:
y in dom g
and A119:
x = g . y
by A97, FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider B =
y as
Ordinal by A96, A118;
[B,A] in RelIncl (order_type_of Q)
by A94, A95, A107, A117, A118, A119;
then A120:
B c= A
by A96, A107, A118, WELLORD2:def 1;
B <> A
by A116, A119, WELLORD1:1;
then
B c< A
by A120;
hence
x in proj2 f
by A118, A119, FUNCT_1:50, ORDINAL1:11;
verum
end;
hence
card A = card (Q -Seg (g . A))
by CARD_1:5;
verum
end;
A121:
order_type_of Q c= M
proof
let x be
Ordinal;
ORDINAL1:def 5 ( not x in order_type_of Q or x in M )
assume A122:
x in order_type_of Q
;
x in M
reconsider A =
x as
Ordinal ;
g . x in union X
by A96, A97, A122, FUNCT_1:def 3;
then consider Z being
set such that A123:
g . x in Z
and A124:
Z in XX
by A4, TARSKI:def 4;
A125:
card (Q -Seg (g . x)) c= card Z
by A99, A123, A124, CARD_1:11;
A126:
card (Q -Seg (g . x)) = card A
by A106, A122;
card (Q -Seg (g . x)) in M
by A1, A3, A124, A125, ORDINAL1:12;
hence
x in M
by A126, Th44;
verum
end;
order_type_of Q, union X are_equipotent
by A96, A97, A98;
then A127:
card (order_type_of Q) = card (union X)
by CARD_1:5;
card M = M
;
hence
card (union X) c= M
by A121, A127, CARD_1:11; verum