let seq be Real_Sequence; ( ( seq is bounded & lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq ) iff seq is convergent )
thus
( seq is bounded & lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq implies seq is convergent )
( seq is convergent implies ( seq is bounded & lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq ) )proof
reconsider r =
lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq) as
Real ;
assume that A1:
seq is
bounded
and A2:
lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq
;
seq is convergent
A3:
inferior_realsequence seq is
bounded
by A1, Th56;
A4:
inferior_realsequence seq is
V54()
by A1, Th50;
A5:
superior_realsequence seq is
V55()
by A1, Th51;
A6:
superior_realsequence seq is
bounded
by A1, Th56;
for
s being
Real st
0 < s holds
ex
n being
Nat st
for
m being
Nat st
n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
proof
let s be
Real;
( 0 < s implies ex n being Nat st
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s )
assume A7:
0 < s
;
ex n being Nat st
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
consider k2 being
Nat such that A8:
(superior_realsequence seq) . k2 < r + s
by A6, A7, Th8;
consider k1 being
Nat such that A9:
r - s < (inferior_realsequence seq) . k1
by A2, A3, A7, Th7;
set k =
max (
k1,
k2);
k2 <= max (
k1,
k2)
by XXREAL_0:25;
then A10:
(superior_realsequence seq) . (max (k1,k2)) <= (superior_realsequence seq) . k2
by A5, SEQM_3:8;
k1 <= max (
k1,
k2)
by XXREAL_0:25;
then A11:
(inferior_realsequence seq) . k1 <= (inferior_realsequence seq) . (max (k1,k2))
by A4, SEQM_3:6;
ex
n being
Nat st
for
m being
Nat st
n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
proof
take
max (
k1,
k2)
;
for m being Nat st max (k1,k2) <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
let m be
Nat;
( max (k1,k2) <= m implies |.((seq . m) - r).| < s )
assume
max (
k1,
k2)
<= m
;
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
then consider k3 being
Nat such that A12:
m = (max (k1,k2)) + k3
by NAT_1:10;
seq . m <= (superior_realsequence seq) . (max (k1,k2))
by A1, A12, Th41;
then
seq . m <= (superior_realsequence seq) . k2
by A10, XXREAL_0:2;
then A13:
seq . m < r + s
by A8, XXREAL_0:2;
(inferior_realsequence seq) . (max (k1,k2)) <= seq . m
by A1, A12, Th40;
then
(inferior_realsequence seq) . k1 <= seq . m
by A11, XXREAL_0:2;
then
r - s < seq . m
by A9, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
by A13, Th1;
verum
end;
hence
ex
n being
Nat st
for
m being
Nat st
n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < s
;
verum
end;
hence
seq is
convergent
by SEQ_2:def 6;
verum
end;
assume A14:
seq is convergent
; ( seq is bounded & lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq )
then consider r being Real such that
A15:
for p being Real st 0 < p holds
ex n being Nat st
for m being Nat st n <= m holds
|.((seq . m) - r).| < p
by SEQ_2:def 6;
A16:
seq is bounded
by A14;
A17:
for p being Real st 0 < p holds
ex n being Nat st
( r - p <= (inferior_realsequence seq) . n & (superior_realsequence seq) . n <= r + p )
A21:
( superior_realsequence seq is bounded & inferior_realsequence seq is bounded )
by A16, Th56;
A22:
for p being Real st 0 < p holds
( r - p <= upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq) & lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq) <= r + p )
reconsider r = r as Real ;
A24:
for p being Real st 0 < p holds
lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq) <= r + p
by A22;
then A25:
lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq) <= r
by XREAL_1:41;
for p being Real st 0 < p holds
r <= (upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq)) + p
then A26:
r <= upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq)
by XREAL_1:41;
A27:
upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq) <= lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq)
by A14, Th55;
lower_bound (superior_realsequence seq) <= r
by A24, XREAL_1:41;
then
upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq) <= r
by A27, XXREAL_0:2;
then
r = upper_bound (inferior_realsequence seq)
by A26, XXREAL_0:1;
hence
( seq is bounded & lim_sup seq = lim_inf seq )
by A14, A27, A25, XXREAL_0:1; verum