let a be real number ; for s being Real_Sequence st a > 0 & ( for n being Element of NAT st n >= 1 holds
s . n = n -Root a ) holds
( s is convergent & lim s = 1 )
let s be Real_Sequence; ( a > 0 & ( for n being Element of NAT st n >= 1 holds
s . n = n -Root a ) implies ( s is convergent & lim s = 1 ) )
assume A1:
a > 0
; ( ex n being Element of NAT st
( n >= 1 & not s . n = n -Root a ) or ( s is convergent & lim s = 1 ) )
assume A2:
for n being Element of NAT st n >= 1 holds
s . n = n -Root a
; ( s is convergent & lim s = 1 )
per cases
( a >= 1 or a < 1 )
;
suppose A3:
a < 1
;
( s is convergent & lim s = 1 )then
a / a < 1
/ a
by A1, XREAL_1:74;
then A4:
1
<= 1
/ a
by A1, XCMPLX_1:60;
deffunc H1(
Element of
NAT )
-> Real = $1
-Root (1 / a);
consider s1 being
Real_Sequence such that A5:
for
n being
Element of
NAT holds
s1 . n = H1(
n)
from SEQ_1:sch 1();
A6:
for
n being
Element of
NAT st
n >= 1 holds
s1 . n = n -Root (1 / a)
by A5;
then A7:
lim s1 = 1
by A4, Lm3;
A8:
s1 is
convergent
by A4, A6, Lm3;
A9:
now let b be
real number ;
( b > 0 implies ex n being Element of NAT st
for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds
abs ((s . m) - 1) < b )assume
b > 0
;
ex n being Element of NAT st
for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds
abs ((s . m) - 1) < bthen consider m1 being
Element of
NAT such that A10:
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
m1 <= m holds
abs ((s1 . m) - 1) < b
by A8, A7, SEQ_2:def 7;
take n =
m1 + 1;
for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds
abs ((s . m) - 1) < blet m be
Element of
NAT ;
( n <= m implies abs ((s . m) - 1) < b )assume A11:
n <= m
;
abs ((s . m) - 1) < bA12:
n >= 0 + 1
by XREAL_1:6;
then A13:
1
<= m
by A11, XXREAL_0:2;
then A14:
m -Root a < 1
by A1, A3, Th39;
A15:
m -Root a <> 0
by A1, A13, Def3;
then A16:
abs ((1 / (m -Root a)) - 1) =
abs ((1 / (m -Root a)) - ((m -Root a) / (m -Root a)))
by XCMPLX_1:60
.=
abs ((1 - (m -Root a)) / (m -Root a))
.=
abs ((1 - (m -Root a)) * ((m -Root a) "))
.=
(abs (1 - (m -Root a))) * (abs ((m -Root a) "))
by COMPLEX1:65
;
0 < m -Root a
by A1, A3, A13, Th39;
then
(m -Root a) * ((m -Root a) ") < 1
* ((m -Root a) ")
by A14, XREAL_1:68;
then
1
< (m -Root a) "
by A15, XCMPLX_0:def 7;
then A17:
1
< abs ((m -Root a) ")
by ABSVALUE:def 1;
0 <> 1
- (m -Root a)
by A1, A3, A13, Th39;
then
abs (1 - (m -Root a)) > 0
by COMPLEX1:47;
then A18:
1
* (abs (1 - (m -Root a))) < (abs (1 - (m -Root a))) * (abs ((m -Root a) "))
by A17, XREAL_1:68;
m1 <= n
by XREAL_1:29;
then
m1 <= m
by A11, XXREAL_0:2;
then
abs ((s1 . m) - 1) < b
by A10;
then
abs ((m -Root (1 / a)) - 1) < b
by A5;
then
abs ((1 / (m -Root a)) - 1) < b
by A1, A13, Th32;
then
abs (- ((m -Root a) - 1)) < b
by A16, A18, XXREAL_0:2;
then
abs ((m -Root a) - 1) < b
by COMPLEX1:52;
hence
abs ((s . m) - 1) < b
by A2, A12, A11, XXREAL_0:2;
verum end; hence
s is
convergent
by SEQ_2:def 6;
lim s = 1hence
lim s = 1
by A9, SEQ_2:def 7;
verum end; end;