let A be non empty closed_interval Subset of REAL; for f, g being Function of A,REAL st f | A is bounded & g | A is bounded & f is integrable & g is integrable holds
( f + g is integrable & integral (f + g) = (integral f) + (integral g) )
let f, g be Function of A,REAL; ( f | A is bounded & g | A is bounded & f is integrable & g is integrable implies ( f + g is integrable & integral (f + g) = (integral f) + (integral g) ) )
assume that
A1:
f | A is bounded
and
A2:
g | A is bounded
and
A3:
f is integrable
and
A4:
g is integrable
; ( f + g is integrable & integral (f + g) = (integral f) + (integral g) )
A5: (lower_integral f) + (lower_integral g) =
(upper_integral f) + (lower_integral g)
by A3, Def17
.=
(integral f) + (integral g)
by A4, Def17
;
A6:
(f + g) | (A /\ A) is bounded
by A1, A2, RFUNCT_1:83;
for D being set st D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g))) holds
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A))
proof
let D be
set ;
( D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g))) implies (lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) )
assume A7:
D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g)))
;
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A))
then reconsider D =
D as
Division of
A by Def3;
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D = lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by Def12;
then A8:
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A6, Th30;
upper_sum (
f,
D)
<= (upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)
by A1, Th29;
then A9:
(upper_sum (f,D)) + (upper_sum (g,D)) <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (upper_sum (g,D))
by XREAL_1:6;
upper_sum (
g,
D)
<= (upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)
by A2, Th29;
then A10:
((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (upper_sum (g,D)) <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A))
by XREAL_1:6;
upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
<= (upper_sum (f,D)) + (upper_sum (g,D))
by A1, A2, Th57;
then
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= (upper_sum (f,D)) + (upper_sum (g,D))
by A8, XXREAL_0:2;
then
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (upper_sum (g,D))
by A9, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= ((upper_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((upper_bound (rng g)) * (vol A))
by A10, XXREAL_0:2;
verum
end;
then
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) | (divs A) is bounded_above
by RFUNCT_1:70;
then A11:
rng (lower_sum_set (f + g)) is bounded_above
by Th15;
then A12:
f + g is lower_integrable
by Def14;
for D being set st D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g))) holds
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
proof
let D be
set ;
( D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g))) implies ((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D )
assume A13:
D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g)))
;
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
then reconsider D =
D as
Division of
A by Def3;
(upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D = upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by Def11;
then A14:
lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
<= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by A6, Th30;
(lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A) <= lower_sum (
f,
D)
by A1, Th27;
then A15:
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= (lower_sum (f,D)) + (lower_sum (g,D))
by XREAL_1:6;
(lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A) <= lower_sum (
g,
D)
by A2, Th27;
then A16:
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) <= ((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (lower_sum (g,D))
by XREAL_1:6;
(lower_sum (f,D)) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A1, A2, Th58;
then
(lower_sum (f,D)) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by A14, XXREAL_0:2;
then
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by A15, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
((lower_bound (rng f)) * (vol A)) + ((lower_bound (rng g)) * (vol A)) <= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by A16, XXREAL_0:2;
verum
end;
then
(upper_sum_set (f + g)) | (divs A) is bounded_below
by RFUNCT_1:71;
then A17:
rng (upper_sum_set (f + g)) is bounded_below
by Th13;
A18:
for D being Division of A st D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g))) holds
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_integral (f + g)
proof
let D be
Division of
A;
( D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g))) implies ((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_integral (f + g) )
A19:
D in divs A
by Def3;
(upper_sum (f,D)) + (upper_sum (g,D)) >= upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A1, A2, Th57;
then A21:
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + (upper_sum (g,D)) >= upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by Def11;
assume
D in (divs A) /\ (dom (upper_sum_set (f + g)))
;
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_integral (f + g)
then
D in dom (upper_sum_set (f + g))
by XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
(upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D in rng (upper_sum_set (f + g))
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
then A23:
(upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D >= upper_integral (f + g)
by A17, SEQ_4:def 2;
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A21, Def11;
then
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= (upper_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by Def11;
hence
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_integral (f + g)
by A23, XXREAL_0:2;
verum
end;
A25:
dom (upper_sum_set (f + g)) = divs A
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
A26:
for a1 being real number st a1 in rng (upper_sum_set f) holds
a1 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - (upper_integral g)
proof
let a1 be
real number ;
( a1 in rng (upper_sum_set f) implies a1 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - (upper_integral g) )
assume
a1 in rng (upper_sum_set f)
;
a1 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - (upper_integral g)
then consider D1 being
Element of
divs A such that
D1 in dom (upper_sum_set f)
and A28:
a1 = (upper_sum_set f) . D1
by PARTFUN1:3;
reconsider D1 =
D1 as
Division of
A by Def3;
A29:
a1 = upper_sum (
f,
D1)
by A28, Def11;
for
a2 being
real number st
a2 in rng (upper_sum_set g) holds
a2 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - a1
proof
let a2 be
real number ;
( a2 in rng (upper_sum_set g) implies a2 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - a1 )
assume
a2 in rng (upper_sum_set g)
;
a2 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - a1
then consider D2 being
Element of
divs A such that
D2 in dom (upper_sum_set g)
and A31:
a2 = (upper_sum_set g) . D2
by PARTFUN1:3;
reconsider D2 =
D2 as
Division of
A by Def3;
consider D being
Division of
A such that A32:
D1 <= D
and A33:
D2 <= D
by Th49;
A34:
D in divs A
by Def3;
(upper_sum_set g) . D = upper_sum (
g,
D)
by Def11;
then A35:
(upper_sum_set g) . D <= upper_sum (
g,
D2)
by A2, A33, Th47;
(upper_sum_set f) . D = upper_sum (
f,
D)
by Def11;
then
(upper_sum_set f) . D <= upper_sum (
f,
D1)
by A1, A32, Th47;
then A36:
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) <= (upper_sum (f,D1)) + (upper_sum (g,D2))
by A35, XREAL_1:7;
((upper_sum_set f) . D) + ((upper_sum_set g) . D) >= upper_integral (f + g)
by A25, A18, A34;
then A37:
(upper_sum (f,D1)) + (upper_sum (g,D2)) >= upper_integral (f + g)
by A36, XXREAL_0:2;
a2 = upper_sum (
g,
D2)
by A31, Def11;
hence
a2 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - a1
by A29, A37, XREAL_1:20;
verum
end;
then
lower_bound (rng (upper_sum_set g)) >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - a1
by SEQ_4:43;
then
a1 + (lower_bound (rng (upper_sum_set g))) >= upper_integral (f + g)
by XREAL_1:20;
hence
a1 >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - (upper_integral g)
by XREAL_1:20;
verum
end;
upper_integral f >= (upper_integral (f + g)) - (upper_integral g)
by A26, SEQ_4:43;
then A38:
(integral f) + (upper_integral g) >= upper_integral (f + g)
by XREAL_1:20;
A39:
for D being Division of A st D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g))) holds
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_integral (f + g)
proof
let D be
Division of
A;
( D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g))) implies ((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_integral (f + g) )
A40:
D in divs A
by Def3;
(lower_sum (f,D)) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A1, A2, Th58;
then A42:
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + (lower_sum (g,D)) <= lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by Def12;
assume
D in (divs A) /\ (dom (lower_sum_set (f + g)))
;
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_integral (f + g)
then
D in dom (lower_sum_set (f + g))
by XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D in rng (lower_sum_set (f + g))
by FUNCT_1:def 3;
then A44:
(lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D <= lower_integral (f + g)
by A11, SEQ_4:def 1;
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_sum (
(f + g),
D)
by A42, Def12;
then
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= (lower_sum_set (f + g)) . D
by Def12;
hence
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_integral (f + g)
by A44, XXREAL_0:2;
verum
end;
A46:
dom (lower_sum_set (f + g)) = divs A
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
A47:
for a1 being real number st a1 in rng (lower_sum_set f) holds
a1 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - (lower_integral g)
proof
let a1 be
real number ;
( a1 in rng (lower_sum_set f) implies a1 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - (lower_integral g) )
assume
a1 in rng (lower_sum_set f)
;
a1 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - (lower_integral g)
then consider D1 being
Element of
divs A such that
D1 in dom (lower_sum_set f)
and A49:
a1 = (lower_sum_set f) . D1
by PARTFUN1:3;
reconsider D1 =
D1 as
Division of
A by Def3;
A50:
a1 = lower_sum (
f,
D1)
by A49, Def12;
for
a2 being
real number st
a2 in rng (lower_sum_set g) holds
a2 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - a1
proof
let a2 be
real number ;
( a2 in rng (lower_sum_set g) implies a2 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - a1 )
assume
a2 in rng (lower_sum_set g)
;
a2 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - a1
then consider D2 being
Element of
divs A such that
D2 in dom (lower_sum_set g)
and A52:
a2 = (lower_sum_set g) . D2
by PARTFUN1:3;
reconsider D2 =
D2 as
Division of
A by Def3;
consider D being
Division of
A such that A53:
D1 <= D
and A54:
D2 <= D
by Th49;
A55:
D in divs A
by Def3;
(lower_sum_set g) . D = lower_sum (
g,
D)
by Def12;
then A56:
(lower_sum_set g) . D >= lower_sum (
g,
D2)
by A2, A54, Th48;
(lower_sum_set f) . D = lower_sum (
f,
D)
by Def12;
then
(lower_sum_set f) . D >= lower_sum (
f,
D1)
by A1, A53, Th48;
then A57:
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) >= (lower_sum (f,D1)) + (lower_sum (g,D2))
by A56, XREAL_1:7;
((lower_sum_set f) . D) + ((lower_sum_set g) . D) <= lower_integral (f + g)
by A46, A39, A55;
then A58:
(lower_sum (f,D1)) + (lower_sum (g,D2)) <= lower_integral (f + g)
by A57, XXREAL_0:2;
a2 = lower_sum (
g,
D2)
by A52, Def12;
hence
a2 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - a1
by A50, A58, XREAL_1:19;
verum
end;
then
upper_bound (rng (lower_sum_set g)) <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - a1
by SEQ_4:45;
then
a1 + (upper_bound (rng (lower_sum_set g))) <= lower_integral (f + g)
by XREAL_1:19;
hence
a1 <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - (lower_integral g)
by XREAL_1:19;
verum
end;
upper_bound (rng (lower_sum_set f)) <= (lower_integral (f + g)) - (lower_integral g)
by A47, SEQ_4:45;
then A59:
(lower_integral f) + (lower_integral g) <= lower_integral (f + g)
by XREAL_1:19;
A60:
upper_integral (f + g) >= lower_integral (f + g)
by A6, Th51;
then
(integral f) + (integral g) <= upper_integral (f + g)
by A59, A5, XXREAL_0:2;
then
upper_integral (f + g) = (integral f) + (integral g)
by A38, XXREAL_0:1;
then A61:
upper_integral (f + g) = lower_integral (f + g)
by A59, A60, A5, XXREAL_0:1;
f + g is upper_integrable
by A17, Def13;
hence
( f + g is integrable & integral (f + g) = (integral f) + (integral g) )
by A12, A59, A5, A38, A61, Def17, XXREAL_0:1; verum