let n be Nat; for R being irreflexive NatRelStr of n holds chromatic# (Mycielskian R) = 1 + (chromatic# R)
let R be irreflexive NatRelStr of n; chromatic# (Mycielskian R) = 1 + (chromatic# R)
set cR = the carrier of R;
set iR = the InternalRel of R;
set cnR = chromatic# R;
set MR = Mycielskian R;
set cnMR = chromatic# (Mycielskian R);
set cMR = the carrier of (Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the InternalRel of (Mycielskian R);
A:
the carrier of R = n
by LNRS;
Z1:
ex C being finite Coloring of (Mycielskian R) st card C = 1 + (chromatic# R)
proof
consider C being
finite Coloring of
R such that A1:
card C = chromatic# R
by Lchro;
defpred S1[
set ,
set ]
means $2
= { (m + n) where m is Element of NAT : m in $1 } ;
P1:
for
e being
set st
e in C holds
ex
u being
set st
S1[
e,
u]
;
consider r being
Function such that
dom r = C
and C1:
for
e being
set st
e in C holds
S1[
e,
r . e]
from CLASSES1:sch 1(P1);
set D =
{ (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } ;
D1:
card { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } = card C
then D1a:
{ (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } is
finite
;
set E =
{ (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}};
F1a:
union ( { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}}) c= the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
E1:
{ (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} c= bool the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
F1:
union ( { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}}) = the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
now let A be
Subset of the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R);
( A in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} implies ( A <> {} & ( for B being Subset of the carrier of (Mycielskian R) st B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} & A <> B holds
not A meets B ) ) )assume A2:
A in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}}
;
( A <> {} & ( for B being Subset of the carrier of (Mycielskian R) st B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} & A <> B holds
not A meets B ) )thus
A <> {}
for B being Subset of the carrier of (Mycielskian R) st B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} & A <> B holds
not A meets Blet B be
Subset of the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R);
( B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} & A <> B implies not A meets B )assume B2:
B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}}
;
( A <> B implies not A meets B )assume C2:
A <> B
;
not A meets Bassume
A meets B
;
contradictionthen consider x being
set such that D2:
x in A
and E2:
x in B
by XBOOLE_0:3;
per cases
( ( A in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } & B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } ) or ( A in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } & B in {{(2 * n)}} ) or ( A in {{(2 * n)}} & B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } ) or ( A in {{(2 * n)}} & B in {{(2 * n)}} ) )
by A2, B2, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose that S1a:
A in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C }
and S1b:
B in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C }
;
contradictionconsider d being
Element of
C such that C3a:
A = d \/ (r . d)
and D3a:
d in C
by S1a;
consider e being
Element of
C such that C3b:
B = e \/ (r . e)
and D3b:
e in C
by S1b;
per cases
( ( x in d & x in e ) or ( x in d & x in r . e ) or ( x in r . d & x in e ) or ( x in r . d & x in r . e ) )
by C3a, C3b, D2, E2, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose that S2a:
x in d
and S2b:
x in r . e
;
contradictionend; suppose that S2a:
x in r . d
and S2b:
x in e
;
contradictionend; suppose that S2a:
x in r . d
and S2b:
x in r . e
;
contradiction
x in { (m + n) where m is Element of NAT : m in d }
by S2a, D3a, C1;
then consider ma being
Element of
NAT such that A4a:
x = ma + n
and B4a:
ma in d
;
x in { (m + n) where m is Element of NAT : m in e }
by S2b, D3b, C1;
then consider mb being
Element of
NAT such that A4b:
x = mb + n
and B4b:
mb in e
;
d meets e
by A4a, A4b, B4a, B4b, XBOOLE_0:3;
then
d = e
by D3a, D3b, EQREL_1:def 6;
hence
contradiction
by C3a, C3b, C2;
verum end; end; end; end; end;
then reconsider E =
{ (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } \/ {{(2 * n)}} as
a_partition of the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R) by E1, F1, EQREL_1:def 6;
now let x be
set ;
( x in E implies b1 is StableSet of (Mycielskian R) )assume A2:
x in E
;
b1 is StableSet of (Mycielskian R)per cases
( x in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C } or x in {{(2 * n)}} )
by A2, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
x in { (d \/ (r . d)) where d is Element of C : d in C }
;
b1 is StableSet of (Mycielskian R)then consider d being
Element of
C such that A3:
x = d \/ (r . d)
and B3:
d in C
;
reconsider d =
d as
Subset of
R by B3;
D3:
r . d = { (m + n) where m is Element of NAT : m in d }
by B3, C1;
C3:
x c= the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
A2f:
d is
stable
by B3, DILWORTH:def 12;
now let a,
b be
Element of
(Mycielskian R);
( a in x & b in x & a <> b implies ( not a <= b & not b <= a ) )assume that A4:
a in x
and B4:
b in x
and C4:
a <> b
and D4:
(
a <= b or
b <= a )
;
contradictionD4a:
(
[a,b] in the
InternalRel of
(Mycielskian R) or
[b,a] in the
InternalRel of
(Mycielskian R) )
by D4, ORDERS_2:def 9;
per cases
( ( a in d & b in d ) or ( a in d & b in r . d ) or ( a in r . d & b in d ) or ( a in r . d & b in r . d ) )
by A4, B4, A3, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose that S5a:
a in d
and S5b:
b in r . d
;
contradictionconsider bm being
Element of
NAT such that B5:
b = bm + n
and C5:
bm in d
by S5b, D3;
reconsider ap1 =
a as
Nat by S5a, A, NECKLACE:4;
D5:
(
[ap1,bm] in the
InternalRel of
R or
[bm,ap1] in the
InternalRel of
R )
by D4a, iMR1c, iMR1d, B5, S5a, A;
reconsider bmp1 =
bm,
a =
a as
Element of
R by C5, S5a;
E5:
(
bmp1 <= a or
a <= bmp1 )
by D5, ORDERS_2:def 9;
bmp1 <> a
by D5, S5a, NECKLACE:def 6;
hence
contradiction
by E5, C5, S5a, A2f, DILWORTH:def 2;
verum end; suppose that S5a:
a in r . d
and S5b:
b in d
;
contradictionconsider am being
Element of
NAT such that B5:
a = am + n
and C5:
am in d
by S5a, D3;
reconsider bp1 =
b as
Nat by S5b, A, NECKLACE:4;
D5:
(
[am,bp1] in the
InternalRel of
R or
[bp1,am] in the
InternalRel of
R )
by D4a, iMR1c, iMR1d, B5, S5b, A;
reconsider amp1 =
am,
b =
b as
Element of
R by C5, S5b;
E5:
(
amp1 <= b or
b <= amp1 )
by D5, ORDERS_2:def 9;
amp1 <> b
by D5, S5b, NECKLACE:def 6;
hence
contradiction
by E5, C5, S5b, A2f, DILWORTH:def 2;
verum end; suppose that S5a:
a in r . d
and S5b:
b in r . d
;
contradictionend; end; end; hence
x is
StableSet of
(Mycielskian R)
by C3, DILWORTH:def 2;
verum end; end; end;
then reconsider E =
E as
Coloring of
(Mycielskian R) by DILWORTH:def 12;
take
E
;
card E = 1 + (chromatic# R)
hence
card E = 1
+ (chromatic# R)
by D1, D1a, A1, CARD_2:54;
verum
end;
for C being finite Coloring of (Mycielskian R) holds 1 + (chromatic# R) <= card C
proof
let E be
finite Coloring of
(Mycielskian R);
1 + (chromatic# R) <= card E
assume
1
+ (chromatic# R) > card E
;
contradiction
then A1:
chromatic# R >= card E
by NAT_1:13;
A1a:
chromatic# (Mycielskian R) <= card E
by Lchro;
then B1:
chromatic# (Mycielskian R) <= chromatic# R
by A1, XXREAL_0:2;
n <= n + n
by NAT_1:11;
then
n < (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:13;
then
n c= (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:40;
then reconsider S =
n as
Subset of
(Mycielskian R) by LNRS;
C1:
R = subrelstr S
by Msubrel;
then
chromatic# R <= chromatic# (Mycielskian R)
by Tchro0;
then
chromatic# R = chromatic# (Mycielskian R)
by B1, XXREAL_0:1;
then D1a:
card E = chromatic# R
by A1, A1a, XXREAL_0:1;
reconsider C =
E | S as
Coloring of
R by C1, Tsr0;
E1:
card C >= chromatic# R
by Lchro;
F1a:
card C <= card E
by Tpart0;
then F1:
card C = chromatic# R
by D1a, E1, XXREAL_0:1;
2
* n < (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:13;
then
2
* n in (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:45;
then
2
* n in the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
by LNRS;
then
2
* n in union E
by EQREL_1:def 6;
then consider e being
set such that K1a:
2
* n in e
and K1b:
e in E
by TARSKI:def 4;
reconsider e =
e as
Subset of
(Mycielskian R) by K1b;
reconsider n2 = 2
* n as
Element of
(Mycielskian R) by K1a, K1b;
set se =
e /\ S;
e meets S
by D1a, F1, K1b, Tpart1;
then L1:
e /\ S in C
by K1b;
then consider mp1 being
Element of
R such that L1a:
mp1 in e /\ S
and H1:
for
d being
Element of
C st
d <> e /\ S holds
ex
w being
Element of
R st
(
w in Adjacent mp1 &
w in d )
by F1a, D1a, E1, XXREAL_0:1, AdjCol;
reconsider m =
mp1 as
Nat by L1a, L1, NECKLACE:4;
set mn =
m + n;
L1cc:
0 + n <= m + n
by XREAL_1:8;
m < n
by L1a, L1, NAT_1:45;
then L1c:
m + n < n + n
by XREAL_1:8;
then
m + n < (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:13;
then L1dd:
m + n in (2 * n) + 1
by NAT_1:45;
then
m + n in the
carrier of
(Mycielskian R)
by LNRS;
then
m + n in union E
by EQREL_1:def 6;
then consider f being
set such that M1a:
m + n in f
and M1b:
f in E
by TARSKI:def 4;
reconsider f =
f as
Subset of
(Mycielskian R) by M1b;
reconsider mnp1 =
m + n as
Element of
(Mycielskian R) by L1dd, LNRS;
M:
now assume A2:
e <> f
;
contradictionset sf =
f /\ S;
f meets S
by D1a, F1, M1b, Tpart1;
then B2:
f /\ S in C
by M1b;
B2a:
f /\ S c= f
by XBOOLE_1:17;
then consider wp1 being
Element of
R such that D2:
wp1 in Adjacent mp1
and E2:
wp1 in f /\ S
by B2, H1;
reconsider w =
wp1 as
Nat by E2, B2, NECKLACE:4;
G2:
w < n
by E2, B2, NAT_1:45;
(
mp1 < wp1 or
wp1 < mp1 )
by D2, LAdjset;
then
(
mp1 <= wp1 or
wp1 <= mp1 )
by ORDERS_2:def 10;
then
(
[m,w] in the
InternalRel of
R or
[w,m] in the
InternalRel of
R )
by ORDERS_2:def 9;
then H2:
(
[(m + n),w] in the
InternalRel of
(Mycielskian R) or
[w,(m + n)] in the
InternalRel of
(Mycielskian R) )
by iMR1a;
reconsider wp2 =
wp1 as
Element of
(Mycielskian R) by E2;
f is
stable
by M1b, DILWORTH:def 12;
then
( not
wp2 <= mnp1 & not
mnp1 <= wp2 )
by G2, L1cc, E2, B2a, M1a, DILWORTH:def 2;
hence
contradiction
by H2, ORDERS_2:def 9;
verum end;
N:
[(m + n),(2 * n)] in the
InternalRel of
(Mycielskian R)
by L1c, L1cc, iMR1e;
e is
stable
by K1b, DILWORTH:def 12;
then
( not
mnp1 <= n2 & not
n2 <= mnp1 )
by K1a, M1a, M, L1c, DILWORTH:def 2;
hence
contradiction
by N, ORDERS_2:def 9;
verum
end;
hence
chromatic# (Mycielskian R) = 1 + (chromatic# R)
by Z1, Lchro; verum