let A be closed-interval Subset of REAL; for f being PartFunc of REAL,REAL st A c= dom f & f | A is continuous holds
f is_integrable_on A
let f be PartFunc of REAL,REAL; ( A c= dom f & f | A is continuous implies f is_integrable_on A )
assume A1:
A c= dom f
; ( not f | A is continuous or f is_integrable_on A )
reconsider g = f | A as PartFunc of A,REAL by PARTFUN1:43;
A2: dom g =
(dom f) /\ A
by RELAT_1:90
.=
A
by A1, XBOOLE_1:28
;
then A3:
g is total
by PARTFUN1:def 4;
for y being set st y in f .: A holds
y in rng g
then A6:
f .: A c= rng g
by TARSKI:def 3;
for y being set st y in rng g holds
y in f .: A
then
rng g c= f .: A
by TARSKI:def 3;
then A9:
rng g = f .: A
by A6, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
assume A10:
f | A is continuous
; f is_integrable_on A
then
f .: A is bounded
by A1, FCONT_1:30, RCOMP_1:28;
then A11:
( g | A is bounded_above & g | A is bounded_below )
by A9, INTEGRA1:14, INTEGRA1:16;
reconsider g = g as Function of A,REAL by A3;
A12:
f | A is uniformly_continuous
by A1, A10, FCONT_2:11;
for T being DivSequence of A st delta T is convergent & lim (delta T) = 0 holds
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
proof
let T be
DivSequence of
A;
( delta T is convergent & lim (delta T) = 0 implies (lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0 )
reconsider osc =
(upper_sum (g,T)) - (lower_sum (g,T)) as
Real_Sequence ;
assume A13:
(
delta T is
convergent &
lim (delta T) = 0 )
;
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
A14:
for
r being
real number st
0 < r holds
ex
n being
Element of
NAT st
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
proof
let r be
real number ;
( 0 < r implies ex n being Element of NAT st
for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r )
assume A15:
r > 0
;
ex n being Element of NAT st
for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
ex
r1 being
Real st
(
r1 > 0 &
r1 * (vol A) < r )
then consider r1 being
Real such that A21:
r1 > 0
and A22:
r1 * (vol A) < r
;
consider s being
Real such that A23:
0 < s
and A24:
for
x1,
x2 being
Real st
x1 in dom (f | A) &
x2 in dom (f | A) &
abs (x1 - x2) < s holds
abs ((f . x1) - (f . x2)) < r1
by A12, A21, FCONT_2:1;
consider n being
Element of
NAT such that A25:
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
abs (((delta T) . m) - 0) < s
by A13, A23, SEQ_2:def 7;
A26:
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
proof
let m be
Element of
NAT ;
( n <= m implies ((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A) )
reconsider D =
T . m as
Division of
A ;
len (upper_volume (g,D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then reconsider UV =
upper_volume (
g,
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:110;
len (lower_volume (g,D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 8;
then reconsider LV =
lower_volume (
g,
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:110;
reconsider OSC =
UV - LV as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL ;
len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) = len D
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then reconsider VOL =
upper_volume (
(chi (A,A)),
D) as
Element of
(len D) -tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:110;
assume A27:
n <= m
;
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
A28:
for
k being
Element of
NAT st
k in dom D holds
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
proof
let k be
Element of
NAT ;
( k in dom D implies ((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k) )
assume A29:
k in dom D
;
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
reconsider h =
g | (divset (D,k)) as
PartFunc of
(divset (D,k)),
REAL by PARTFUN1:43;
dom g = A
by PARTFUN1:def 4;
then
(dom g) /\ (divset (D,k)) = divset (
D,
k)
by A29, INTEGRA1:10, XBOOLE_1:28;
then
dom h = divset (
D,
k)
by RELAT_1:90;
then
h is
total
by PARTFUN1:def 4;
then reconsider h =
h as
Function of
(divset (D,k)),
REAL ;
A30:
for
x1,
x2 being
Real st
x1 in divset (
D,
k) &
x2 in divset (
D,
k) holds
abs ((h . x1) - (h . x2)) <= r1
proof
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A29, INTEGRA1:22;
then A31:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k >= 0
by INTEGRA1:11;
k in Seg (len D)
by A29, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then A32:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 5;
dom h = (dom g) /\ (divset (D,k))
by RELAT_1:90;
then A33:
dom h c= dom g
by XBOOLE_1:17;
let x1,
x2 be
Real;
( x1 in divset (D,k) & x2 in divset (D,k) implies abs ((h . x1) - (h . x2)) <= r1 )
assume that A34:
x1 in divset (
D,
k)
and A35:
x2 in divset (
D,
k)
;
abs ((h . x1) - (h . x2)) <= r1
A36:
x2 in dom h
by A35, PARTFUN1:def 4;
then
g . x2 = h . x2
by FUNCT_1:70;
then A37:
f . x2 = h . x2
by A36, A33, FUNCT_1:70;
A38:
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . m
proof
now per cases
( x1 >= x2 or x1 < x2 )
;
suppose
x1 >= x2
;
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . mthen
x1 - x2 >= 0
by XREAL_1:50;
then A39:
abs (x1 - x2) = x1 - x2
by ABSVALUE:def 1;
(
x1 <= upper_bound (divset (D,k)) &
x2 >= lower_bound (divset (D,k)) )
by A34, A35, INTEGRA2:1;
then
abs (x1 - x2) <= (upper_bound (divset (D,k))) - (lower_bound (divset (D,k)))
by A39, XREAL_1:15;
then A40:
abs (x1 - x2) <= vol (divset (D,k))
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
k in Seg (len D)
by A29, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 5;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A41:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= delta (T . m)
by INTEGRA3:def 1;
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A29, INTEGRA1:22;
then
abs (x1 - x2) <= delta (T . m)
by A40, A41, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . m
by INTEGRA3:def 2;
verum end; suppose
x1 < x2
;
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . mthen
x1 - x2 < 0
by XREAL_1:51;
then
abs (x1 - x2) = - (x1 - x2)
by ABSVALUE:def 1;
then A42:
abs (x1 - x2) = x2 - x1
;
(
x2 <= upper_bound (divset (D,k)) &
x1 >= lower_bound (divset (D,k)) )
by A34, A35, INTEGRA2:1;
then
abs (x1 - x2) <= (upper_bound (divset (D,k))) - (lower_bound (divset (D,k)))
by A42, XREAL_1:15;
then A43:
abs (x1 - x2) <= vol (divset (D,k))
by INTEGRA1:def 6;
k in Seg (len D)
by A29, FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
k in Seg (len (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA1:def 7;
then
k in dom (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k in rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D))
by FUNCT_1:def 5;
then
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A44:
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k <= delta (T . m)
by INTEGRA3:def 1;
(upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k = vol (divset (D,k))
by A29, INTEGRA1:22;
then
abs (x1 - x2) <= delta (T . m)
by A43, A44, XXREAL_0:2;
hence
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . m
by INTEGRA3:def 2;
verum end; end; end;
hence
abs (x1 - x2) <= (delta T) . m
;
verum
end;
(delta T) . m =
delta D
by INTEGRA3:def 2
.=
max (rng (upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)))
by INTEGRA3:def 1
;
then
((delta T) . m) - 0 >= 0
by A31, A32, XXREAL_2:def 8;
then A45:
abs (x1 - x2) <= abs (((delta T) . m) - 0)
by A38, ABSVALUE:def 1;
abs (((delta T) . m) - 0) < s
by A25, A27;
then A46:
abs (x1 - x2) < s
by A45, XXREAL_0:2;
A47:
x1 in dom h
by A34, PARTFUN1:def 4;
then
g . x1 = h . x1
by FUNCT_1:70;
then
f . x1 = h . x1
by A47, A33, FUNCT_1:70;
hence
abs ((h . x1) - (h . x2)) <= r1
by A24, A46, A47, A36, A33, A37;
verum
end;
vol (divset (D,k)) >= 0
by INTEGRA1:11;
then
((upper_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) - (lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k)))))) * (vol (divset (D,k))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A30, INTEGRA4:24, XREAL_1:66;
then
((upper_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) - ((lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
;
then
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_bound (rng (g | (divset (D,k))))) * (vol (divset (D,k)))) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A29, INTEGRA1:def 7;
then
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * (vol (divset (D,k)))
by A29, INTEGRA1:def 8;
hence
((upper_volume (g,D)) . k) - ((lower_volume (g,D)) . k) <= r1 * ((upper_volume ((chi (A,A)),D)) . k)
by A29, INTEGRA1:22;
verum
end;
for
k being
Nat st
k in Seg (len D) holds
OSC . k <= (r1 * VOL) . k
then
Sum OSC <= Sum (r1 * VOL)
by RVSUM_1:112;
then
Sum OSC <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by RVSUM_1:117;
then
(Sum UV) - (Sum LV) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by RVSUM_1:120;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (Sum LV) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by INTEGRA1:def 9;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (Sum VOL)
by INTEGRA1:def 10;
then
(upper_sum (g,D)) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA1:26;
then
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - (lower_sum (g,D)) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA2:def 4;
hence
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
by INTEGRA2:def 5;
verum
end;
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
proof
let m be
Element of
NAT ;
( n <= m implies abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r )
reconsider D =
T . m as
Division of
A ;
assume
n <= m
;
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
then
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) <= r1 * (vol A)
by A26;
then A49:
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) < r
by A22, XXREAL_0:2;
upper_sum (
g,
D)
>= lower_sum (
g,
D)
by A11, INTEGRA1:30;
then
(upper_sum (g,T)) . m >= lower_sum (
g,
D)
by INTEGRA2:def 4;
then
(upper_sum (g,T)) . m >= (lower_sum (g,T)) . m
by INTEGRA2:def 5;
then A50:
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m) >= 0
by XREAL_1:50;
osc . m =
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) + ((- (lower_sum (g,T))) . m)
by SEQ_1:11
.=
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) + (- ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m))
by SEQ_1:14
.=
((upper_sum (g,T)) . m) - ((lower_sum (g,T)) . m)
;
hence
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
by A49, A50, ABSVALUE:def 1;
verum
end;
hence
ex
n being
Element of
NAT st
for
m being
Element of
NAT st
n <= m holds
abs ((osc . m) - 0) < r
;
verum
end;
then
osc is
convergent
by SEQ_2:def 6;
then A51:
lim osc = 0
by A14, SEQ_2:def 7;
(
upper_sum (
g,
T) is
convergent &
lower_sum (
g,
T) is
convergent )
by A11, A13, INTEGRA4:8, INTEGRA4:9;
hence
(lim (upper_sum (g,T))) - (lim (lower_sum (g,T))) = 0
by A51, SEQ_2:26;
verum
end;
then
g is integrable
by A11, INTEGRA4:12;
hence
f is_integrable_on A
by Def2; verum