let T be TopSpace; :: thesis: ( T is regular & T is Lindelof implies T is normal )
assume that
A5:
T is regular
and
A6:
T is Lindelof
; :: thesis: T is normal
per cases
( T is empty or not T is empty )
;
suppose A9:
not
T is
empty
;
:: thesis: T is normal set TOP = the
topology of
T;
for
A being
Subset of
T for
U being
open Subset of
T st
A is
closed &
U is
open &
A c= U holds
ex
W being
Function of
NAT ,
(bool the carrier of T) st
(
A c= Union W &
Union W c= U & ( for
n being
Element of
NAT holds
(
Cl (W . n) c= U &
W . n is
open ) ) )
proof
let A be
Subset of
T;
:: thesis: for U being open Subset of T st A is closed & U is open & A c= U holds
ex W being Function of NAT ,(bool the carrier of T) st
( A c= Union W & Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) )let U be
open Subset of
T;
:: thesis: ( A is closed & U is open & A c= U implies ex W being Function of NAT ,(bool the carrier of T) st
( A c= Union W & Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) ) )
assume that A10:
A is
closed
and
U is
open
and A11:
A c= U
;
:: thesis: ex W being Function of NAT ,(bool the carrier of T) st
( A c= Union W & Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) )
defpred S1[
set ,
set ]
means for
p being
Point of
T st
p = c1 holds
ex
W being
Subset of
T st
(
W is
open &
p in W &
Cl W c= U &
c2 = W );
A12:
for
x being
set st
x in A holds
ex
y being
set st
(
y in the
topology of
T &
S1[
x,
y] )
proof
let x be
set ;
:: thesis: ( x in A implies ex y being set st
( y in the topology of T & S1[x,y] ) )
assume A13:
x in A
;
:: thesis: ex y being set st
( y in the topology of T & S1[x,y] )
then reconsider p =
x as
Point of
T ;
U = (U ` ) `
;
then consider G1,
G2 being
Subset of
T such that A14:
G1 is
open
and A15:
G2 is
open
and A16:
p in G1
and A17:
U ` c= G2
and A18:
G1 misses G2
by A5, A11, A13, PRE_TOPC:def 17;
take
G1
;
:: thesis: ( G1 in the topology of T & S1[x,G1] )
thus
G1 in the
topology of
T
by A14, PRE_TOPC:def 5;
:: thesis: S1[x,G1]
G1 c= G2 `
by A18, SUBSET_1:43;
then A20:
Cl G1 c= Cl (G2 ` )
by PRE_TOPC:49;
let q be
Point of
T;
:: thesis: ( q = x implies ex W being Subset of T st
( W is open & q in W & Cl W c= U & G1 = W ) )
assume A21:
q = x
;
:: thesis: ex W being Subset of T st
( W is open & q in W & Cl W c= U & G1 = W )
(
Cl (G2 ` ) = G2 ` &
G2 ` c= U )
by A15, A17, PRE_TOPC:52, SUBSET_1:36;
hence
ex
W being
Subset of
T st
(
W is
open &
q in W &
Cl W c= U &
G1 = W )
by A14, A16, A20, A21, XBOOLE_1:1;
:: thesis: verum
end;
consider w being
Function of
A,the
topology of
T such that A22:
for
x being
set st
x in A holds
S1[
x,
w . x]
from FUNCT_2:sch 1(A12);
A ` in the
topology of
T
by A10, PRE_TOPC:def 5;
then
( the
topology of
T is
open &
{(A ` )} c= the
topology of
T )
by CANTOR_1:3, ZFMISC_1:37;
then reconsider RNG =
rng w,
AA =
{(A ` )} as
open Subset-Family of
T by TOPS_2:18, XBOOLE_1:1;
set RngA =
RNG \/ AA;
A23:
dom w = A
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
[#] T c= union (RNG \/ AA)
then
(
RNG \/ AA is
open Subset-Family of
T &
RNG \/ AA is
Cover of
T )
by SETFAM_1:def 12, TOPS_2:20;
then consider G being
Subset-Family of
T such that A30:
G c= RNG \/ AA
and A31:
G is
Cover of
T
and A32:
G is
countable
by A6, Def2;
A33:
[#] T = union G
by A31, SETFAM_1:60;
per cases
( G \ AA is empty or not G \ AA is empty )
;
suppose A36:
not
G \ AA is
empty
;
:: thesis: ex W being Function of NAT ,(bool the carrier of T) st
( A c= Union W & Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) )
G \ AA is
countable
by A32, CARD_3:130;
then consider W being
Function of
NAT ,
(G \ AA) such that A37:
rng W = G \ AA
by A36, CARD_3:146;
reconsider W =
W as
Function of
NAT ,
(bool the carrier of T) by A36, A37, FUNCT_2:8;
take
W
;
:: thesis: ( A c= Union W & Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) )thus
A c= Union W
:: thesis: ( Union W c= U & ( for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open ) ) )A41:
dom W = NAT
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
thus
Union W c= U
:: thesis: for n being Element of NAT holds
( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open )let n be
Element of
NAT ;
:: thesis: ( Cl (W . n) c= U & W . n is open )A48:
W . n in G \ AA
by A37, A41, FUNCT_1:def 5;
then
W . n in G
by ZFMISC_1:64;
then A49:
(
W . n in RNG or
W . n in AA )
by A30, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
W . n <> A `
by A48, ZFMISC_1:64;
then consider xx being
set such that A50:
(
xx in dom w &
w . xx = W . n )
by A49, FUNCT_1:def 5, TARSKI:def 1;
ex
W' being
Subset of
T st
(
W' is
open &
xx in W' &
Cl W' c= U &
W . n = W' )
by A22, A23, A50;
hence
(
Cl (W . n) c= U &
W . n is
open )
;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end; hence
T is
normal
by A9, NAGATA_1:18;
:: thesis: verum end; end;