let n be Nat; :: thesis: for K being Fanoian Field
for p2 being Element of Permutations (n + 2)
for i, j being Nat st i in Seg (n + 2) & p2 . i = j holds
ex X being Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) st
( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) )
let K be Fanoian Field; :: thesis: for p2 being Element of Permutations (n + 2)
for i, j being Nat st i in Seg (n + 2) & p2 . i = j holds
ex X being Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) st
( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) )
let p2 be Element of Permutations (n + 2); :: thesis: for i, j being Nat st i in Seg (n + 2) & p2 . i = j holds
ex X being Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) st
( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) )
let i, j be Nat; :: thesis: ( i in Seg (n + 2) & p2 . i = j implies ex X being Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) st
( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) ) )
assume A1:
( i in Seg (n + 2) & p2 . i = j )
; :: thesis: ex X being Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) st
( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) )
reconsider N = n as Element of NAT by ORDINAL1:def 13;
set n2 = N + 2;
set X = { {k,i} where k is Element of NAT : {k,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } ;
set SS = 2Set (Seg (n + 2));
set P = power K;
reconsider I = i, J = j as Element of NAT by ORDINAL1:def 13;
reconsider p2' = p2 as Permutation of (finSeg (N + 2)) by MATRIX_2:def 11;
A2:
{ {k,i} where k is Element of NAT : {k,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } c= 2Set (Seg (n + 2))
reconsider X = { {k,i} where k is Element of NAT : {k,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } as Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) by A2, FINSUB_1:def 5;
take
X
; :: thesis: ( X = { {N,i} where N is Element of NAT : {N,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) } & the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j) )
thus
X = { {e,i} where e is Element of NAT : {e,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) }
; :: thesis: the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j)
set Y = { s where s is Element of 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) : ( s in X & (Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) } ;
A3:
{ s where s is Element of 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) : ( s in X & (Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) } c= X
then
( { s where s is Element of 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) : ( s in X & (Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) } c= 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) & { s where s is Element of 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) : ( s in X & (Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) } is finite )
by A2, XBOOLE_1:1;
then reconsider Y = { s where s is Element of 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) : ( s in X & (Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) } as Element of Fin (2Set (Seg (n + 2))) by FINSUB_1:def 5;
1 <= i
by A1, FINSEQ_1:3;
then reconsider i1 = i - 1 as Element of NAT by NAT_1:21;
set Li = finSeg i1;
set Ui = (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i);
i1 < i1 + 1
by NAT_1:13;
then
( finSeg i1 c= Seg i & Seg i misses (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i) )
by FINSEQ_1:7, XBOOLE_1:79;
then A4:
finSeg i1 misses (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)
by XBOOLE_1:64;
A5:
(finSeg i1) \/ ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) c= (Seg (N + 2)) \ {i}
(finSeg (N + 2)) \ {i} c= (finSeg i1) \/ ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i))
then A11:
(finSeg (N + 2)) \ {i} = (finSeg i1) \/ ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i))
by A5, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
deffunc H1( set ) -> set = {$1,i};
consider f being Function such that
A12:
( dom f = (finSeg i1) \/ ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) & ( for x being set st x in (finSeg i1) \/ ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) holds
f . x = H1(x) ) )
from FUNCT_1:sch 3();
A13:
rng f c= X
proof
let x be
set ;
:: according to TARSKI:def 3 :: thesis: ( not x in rng f or x in X )
assume
x in rng f
;
:: thesis: x in X
then consider y being
set such that A14:
(
y in dom f &
f . y = x )
by FUNCT_1:def 5;
y in finSeg (N + 2)
by A11, A12, A14;
then consider k being
Element of
NAT such that A15:
(
k = y & 1
<= k &
k <= N + 2 )
;
not
y in {i}
by A5, A12, A14, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
i <> k
by A15, TARSKI:def 1;
then
(
k in Seg (N + 2) & (
k < i or
i < k ) )
by A15, XXREAL_0:1;
then
(
{i,k} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) &
f . k = {i,k} )
by A1, A12, A14, A15, MATRIX11:1;
hence
x in X
by A14, A15;
:: thesis: verum
end;
A16:
X c= rng f
for x1, x2 being set st x1 in dom f & x2 in dom f & f . x1 = f . x2 holds
x1 = x2
then A19:
f is one-to-one
by FUNCT_1:def 8;
dom p2' = Seg (N + 2)
by FUNCT_2:67;
then A20:
( p2 . i in rng p2 & rng p2' = Seg (N + 2) )
by A1, FUNCT_1:def 5, FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
1 <= j
by A1, FINSEQ_1:3;
then reconsider j1 = j - 1 as Element of NAT by NAT_1:21;
A21:
p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y))) c= Seg j1
proof
let y be
set ;
:: according to TARSKI:def 3 :: thesis: ( not y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y))) or y in Seg j1 )
assume
y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
;
:: thesis: y in Seg j1
then consider x being
set such that A22:
(
x in dom p2' &
x in ((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) &
p2' . x = y )
by FUNCT_1:def 12;
dom p2' = Seg (N + 2)
by FUNCT_2:67;
then consider k being
Element of
NAT such that A23:
(
x = k & 1
<= k &
k <= N + 2 )
by A22;
per cases
( k in (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y) or k in ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y) )
by A22, A23, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose A24:
k in (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)
;
:: thesis: y in Seg j1then
(
k in finSeg i1 &
finSeg i1 c= dom f )
by A12, XBOOLE_1:7;
then
(
k in dom f & not
k in f " Y &
k <= i1 )
by A24, FINSEQ_1:3, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then A25:
( not
f . k in Y &
f . k in rng f &
f . k = H1(
k) &
k < i1 + 1 )
by A12, FUNCT_1:def 5, FUNCT_1:def 13, NAT_1:13;
then
H1(
k)
in X
by A13;
then consider m being
Element of
NAT such that A26:
(
H1(
k)
= {m,i} &
{m,i} in 2Set (Seg (n + 2)) )
;
(
(Part_sgn p2,K) . {k,i} <> - (1_ K) &
k in Seg (N + 2) &
dom p2' = Seg (N + 2) )
by A13, A23, A25, A26, FUNCT_2:67;
then
(
p2 . k <= p2 . i &
p2 . i <> p2 . k )
by A1, A25, FUNCT_1:def 8, MATRIX11:def 1;
then
(
p2 . k < j1 + 1 &
p2 . k in rng p2' &
rng p2' = Seg (N + 2) )
by A1, A22, A23, FUNCT_1:def 5, FUNCT_2:def 3, XXREAL_0:1;
then
(
p2 . k <= j1 & 1
<= p2 . k )
by FINSEQ_1:3, NAT_1:13;
hence
y in Seg j1
by A22, A23, FINSEQ_1:3;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A27:
k in ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)
;
:: thesis: y in Seg j1then
k in f " Y
by XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then A28:
(
k in dom f &
f . k in Y )
by FUNCT_1:def 13;
then consider s being
Element of
2Set (Seg (n + 2)) such that A29:
(
s = f . k &
s in X &
(Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) )
;
k in (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)
by A27, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
(
k in Seg (N + 2) & not
k in Seg i )
by XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
( 1
<= k & ( 1
> k or
k > i ) )
by FINSEQ_1:3;
then
(
s = {i,k} &
i < k &
1_ K <> - (1_ K) &
dom p2' = finSeg (N + 2) )
by A12, A28, A29, FUNCT_2:67, MATRIX11:22;
then
(
p2 . i >= p2 . k &
p2' . i <> p2 . k )
by A1, A27, A29, FUNCT_1:def 8, MATRIX11:def 1;
then
(
p2 . k < j1 + 1 &
p2 . k in rng p2' &
rng p2' = Seg (N + 2) )
by A1, A22, A23, FUNCT_1:def 5, FUNCT_2:def 3, XXREAL_0:1;
then
(
p2 . k <= j1 & 1
<= p2 . k )
by FINSEQ_1:3, NAT_1:13;
hence
y in Seg j1
by A22, A23, FINSEQ_1:3;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end;
A30:
Seg j1 c= p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
proof
let y be
set ;
:: according to TARSKI:def 3 :: thesis: ( not y in Seg j1 or y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y))) )
assume A31:
y in Seg j1
;
:: thesis: y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
consider k being
Element of
NAT such that A32:
(
y = k & 1
<= k &
k <= j1 )
by A31;
A33:
(
j <= N + 2 &
j1 < j1 + 1 )
by A1, A20, FINSEQ_1:3, NAT_1:13;
then A34:
(
j1 <= N + 2 &
k < j )
by A32, XXREAL_0:2;
then
Seg j1 c= Seg (N + 2)
by FINSEQ_1:7;
then consider x being
set such that A35:
(
x in dom p2' &
y = p2' . x )
by A20, A31, FUNCT_1:def 5;
A36:
not
x in {i}
by A1, A32, A33, A35, TARSKI:def 1;
then
x in dom f
by A11, A12, A35, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then A37:
(
f . x = H1(
x) &
f . x in rng f )
by A12, FUNCT_1:def 5;
then
H1(
x)
in X
by A13;
then consider m being
Element of
NAT such that A38:
(
H1(
x)
= {m,i} &
{m,i} in 2Set (Seg (N + 2)) )
;
A39:
(
m in {x,i} &
m <> i )
by A38, SGRAPH1:12, TARSKI:def 2;
then A40:
(
m = x &
m <> i &
m in Seg (N + 2) )
by A38, SGRAPH1:12, TARSKI:def 2;
per cases
( m < i or m > i )
by A39, XXREAL_0:1;
suppose A41:
m < i
;
:: thesis: y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))A42:
not
m in f " Y
proof
assume
m in f " Y
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then
{m,i} in Y
by A37, A40, FUNCT_1:def 13;
then
( ex
s being
Element of
2Set (Seg (n + 2)) st
(
s = {m,i} &
s in X &
(Part_sgn p2,K) . s = - (1_ K) ) &
(Part_sgn p2,K) . {m,i} = 1_ K )
by A1, A32, A34, A35, A40, A41, MATRIX11:def 1;
hence
contradiction
by MATRIX11:22;
:: thesis: verum
end;
m < i1 + 1
by A41;
then
(
m <= i1 & 1
<= m )
by A40, FINSEQ_1:3, NAT_1:13;
then
m in finSeg i1
;
then
x in (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)
by A40, A42, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
x in ((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y))
by XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence
y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by A35, FUNCT_1:def 12;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A43:
m > i
;
:: thesis: y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))then
(Part_sgn p2,K) . {m,i} = - (1_ K)
by A1, A32, A34, A35, A40, MATRIX11:def 1;
then
(
f . x in Y &
x in dom f & not
m in Seg i )
by A11, A12, A13, A35, A36, A37, A38, A43, FINSEQ_1:3, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
(
x in f " Y &
x in (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i) )
by A40, FUNCT_1:def 13, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
x in ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)
by XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
x in ((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y))
by XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence
y in p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by A35, FUNCT_1:def 12;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end;
( (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y) c= finSeg i1 & (finSeg i1) /\ (f " Y) c= finSeg i1 & ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y) c= (finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i) )
by XBOOLE_1:17;
then A44:
( (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y) misses ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y) & (finSeg i1) /\ (f " Y) misses ((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y) & ((finSeg i1) /\ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) = (dom f) /\ (f " Y) & f " Y c= dom f & (f " Y) /\ (finSeg i1) c= finSeg i1 & ((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) c= (finSeg (N + 2)) \ {i} & (finSeg i1) \ (f " Y) = (finSeg i1) \ ((f " Y) /\ (finSeg i1)) )
by A4, A11, A12, RELAT_1:167, XBOOLE_1:13, XBOOLE_1:23, XBOOLE_1:47, XBOOLE_1:64;
then A45:
( ((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) c= Seg (N + 2) & Seg (N + 2) = dom p2' & ((finSeg i1) /\ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) = f " Y )
by FUNCT_2:67, XBOOLE_1:1, XBOOLE_1:28;
reconsider fY = f " Y as finite set by A44, XBOOLE_1:28;
( f .: fY,fY are_equipotent & X = rng f )
by A13, A16, A19, A44, CARD_1:60, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then A46:
( card (f .: fY) = card fY & f .: fY = Y )
by A3, CARD_1:21, FUNCT_1:147;
Seg j1 = p2' .: (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by A21, A30, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then
finSeg j1,((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)) are_equipotent
by A45, CARD_1:60;
then A47: card (finSeg j1) =
card (((finSeg i1) \ (f " Y)) \/ (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by CARD_1:21
.=
(card ((finSeg i1) \ ((f " Y) /\ (finSeg i1)))) + (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by A44, CARD_2:53
.=
((card (finSeg i1)) - (card ((f " Y) /\ (finSeg i1)))) + (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ (f " Y)))
by CARD_2:63, XBOOLE_1:17
;
per cases
( j > i or j <= i )
;
suppose
j > i
;
:: thesis: the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j)then reconsider ji =
j - i as
Element of
NAT by NAT_1:21;
card Y =
(((card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY)) + (card (finSeg j1))) - (card (finSeg i1))) + (card (fY /\ (finSeg i1)))
by A44, A45, A46, A47, CARD_2:53
.=
((2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY))) + (card (finSeg j1))) - (card (finSeg i1))
.=
((2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY))) + j1) - (card (finSeg i1))
by FINSEQ_1:78
.=
((2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY))) + j1) - i1
by FINSEQ_1:78
.=
(2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY))) + ji
;
hence the
multF of
K $$ X,
(Part_sgn p2,K) =
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
((2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY))) + ji)
by Th8
.=
((power K) . (- (1_ K)),(2 * (card ((finSeg i1) /\ fY)))) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ji)
by HURWITZ:3
.=
(1_ K) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ji)
by HURWITZ:4
.=
((power K) . (- (1_ K)),(2 * I)) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ji)
by HURWITZ:4
.=
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
((2 * i) + ji)
by HURWITZ:3
.=
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
(i + j)
;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose
j <= i
;
:: thesis: the multF of K $$ X,(Part_sgn p2,K) = (power K) . (- (1_ K)),(i + j)then reconsider ij =
i - j as
Element of
NAT by NAT_1:21;
card Y =
(((card (finSeg i1)) + (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) - (card (finSeg j1))) + (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))
by A44, A45, A46, A47, CARD_2:53
.=
((2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) - (card (finSeg j1))) + (card (finSeg i1))
.=
((2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) - j1) + (card (finSeg i1))
by FINSEQ_1:78
.=
((2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) - j1) + i1
by FINSEQ_1:78
.=
(2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) + ij
;
hence the
multF of
K $$ X,
(Part_sgn p2,K) =
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
((2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY))) + ij)
by Th8
.=
((power K) . (- (1_ K)),(2 * (card (((finSeg (N + 2)) \ (Seg i)) /\ fY)))) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ij)
by HURWITZ:3
.=
(1_ K) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ij)
by HURWITZ:4
.=
((power K) . (- (1_ K)),(2 * J)) * ((power K) . (- (1_ K)),ij)
by HURWITZ:4
.=
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
((2 * j) + ij)
by HURWITZ:3
.=
(power K) . (- (1_ K)),
(i + j)
;
:: thesis: verum end; end;