let k be Element of NAT ; :: thesis: for X being non empty set st 2 <= k & k + 2 c= card X holds
for K being Subset of the Points of (G_ k,X) st ( K is STAR or K is TOP ) holds
K is maximal_clique
let X be non empty set ; :: thesis: ( 2 <= k & k + 2 c= card X implies for K being Subset of the Points of (G_ k,X) st ( K is STAR or K is TOP ) holds
K is maximal_clique )
assume A1:
( 2 <= k & k + 2 c= card X )
; :: thesis: for K being Subset of the Points of (G_ k,X) st ( K is STAR or K is TOP ) holds
K is maximal_clique
then A2:
( k - 2 is Element of NAT & k + 1 <= k + 2 & 1 <= k )
by NAT_1:21, XREAL_1:9, XXREAL_0:2;
then
( - 2 < 0 & k + 1 c= k + 2 )
by NAT_1:40;
then A3:
( 2 - 2 < k & k + 1 c= card X )
by A1, XBOOLE_1:1;
A4:
k - 1 is Element of NAT
by A2, NAT_1:21;
A5:
the Points of (G_ k,X) = { A where A is Subset of X : card A = k }
by A3, Def1;
A6:
the Lines of (G_ k,X) = { L where L is Subset of X : card L = k + 1 }
by A3, Def1;
let K be Subset of the Points of (G_ k,X); :: thesis: ( ( K is STAR or K is TOP ) implies K is maximal_clique )
A7:
( succ (k - 1) = (k - 1) + 1 & succ k = k + 1 & succ (k + 1) = (k + 1) + 1 & card k = k & card (k - 1) = k - 1 & card 2 = 2 & card 1 = 1 & card 0 = 0 & succ 1 = 1 + 1 & succ 0 = 0 + 1 & card (k + 1) = k + 1 & card (k - 2) = k - 2 & succ (k - 2) = (k - 2) + 1 & succ 2 = 2 + 1 )
by A2, A4, CARD_1:def 5, NAT_1:39;
A8:
( K is STAR implies K is maximal_clique )
proof
assume
K is
STAR
;
:: thesis: K is maximal_clique
then consider S being
Subset of
X such that A9:
(
card S = k - 1 &
K = { A where A is Subset of X : ( card A = k & S c= A ) } )
by Def4;
A10:
S is
finite
by A4, A9;
A11:
K is
clique
proof
let A,
B be
POINT of
(G_ k,X);
:: according to COMBGRAS:def 2 :: thesis: ( A in K & B in K implies ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L )
assume A12:
(
A in K &
B in K )
;
:: thesis: ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L
then consider A1 being
Subset of
X such that A13:
(
A1 = A &
card A1 = k &
S c= A1 )
by A9;
consider B1 being
Subset of
X such that A14:
(
B1 = B &
card B1 = k &
S c= B1 )
by A9, A12;
A15:
(
A is
finite &
B is
finite &
A /\ B c= A &
A /\ B c= B )
by A13, A14, XBOOLE_1:17;
S c= A /\ B
by A13, A14, XBOOLE_1:19;
then A17:
(
k - 1
c= card (A /\ B) &
card (A /\ B) c= k )
by A9, A13, A15, CARD_1:27;
then
k - 1
in succ (card (A /\ B))
by A4, ORDINAL1:34;
then
(
card (A /\ B) = k - 1 or
k - 1
in card (A /\ B) )
by ORDINAL1:13;
then A18:
(
card (A /\ B) = k - 1 or
k c= card (A /\ B) )
by A7, ORDINAL1:33;
A19:
(
card (A /\ B) = k - 1 implies ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L )
proof
assume A20:
card (A /\ B) = k - 1
;
:: thesis: ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L
(
card A = (k - 1) + 1 &
card B = (k - 1) + 1 )
by A13, A14;
then
(
card (A \/ B) = (k - 1) + (2 * 1) &
A \/ B c= X )
by A4, A13, A14, A20, Th2, XBOOLE_1:8;
then
A \/ B in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
by A6;
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A21:
L = A \/ B
;
(
A c= A \/ B &
B c= A \/ B )
by XBOOLE_1:7;
then
(
A on L &
B on L )
by A3, A21, Th10;
then
{A,B} on L
by INCSP_1:11;
hence
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
(
card (A /\ B) = k implies ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L )
proof
assume
card (A /\ B) = k
;
:: thesis: ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L
then A22:
(
A /\ B = A &
A /\ B = B )
by A13, A14, A15, CARD_FIN:1;
A23:
card A c= card X
by A13, CARD_1:27;
card A <> card X
then
card A in card X
by A23, CARD_1:13;
then
X \ A <> {}
by CARD_2:4;
then consider x being
set such that A24:
x in X \ A
by XBOOLE_0:def 1;
(
x in X & not
x in A )
by A24, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then A25:
(
card (A \/ {x}) = k + 1 &
{x} c= X )
by A13, A15, CARD_2:54, ZFMISC_1:37;
then
A \/ {x} c= X
by A13, XBOOLE_1:8;
then
A \/ {x} in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
by A6, A25;
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A26:
L = A \/ {x}
;
(
A c= A \/ {x} &
B c= A \/ {x} )
by A22, XBOOLE_1:7;
then
(
A on L &
B on L )
by A3, A26, Th10;
then
{A,B} on L
by INCSP_1:11;
hence
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L
by A17, A18, A19, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
:: thesis: verum
end;
for
U being
Subset of the
Points of
(G_ k,X) st
U is
clique &
K c= U holds
U = K
proof
let U be
Subset of the
Points of
(G_ k,X);
:: thesis: ( U is clique & K c= U implies U = K )
assume A27:
(
U is
clique &
K c= U &
U <> K )
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then
not
U c= K
by XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then consider A being
set such that A28:
(
A in U & not
A in K )
by TARSKI:def 3;
A29:
A in the
Points of
(G_ k,X)
by A28;
consider A2 being
POINT of
(G_ k,X) such that A30:
A2 = A
by A28;
consider A1 being
Subset of
X such that A31:
(
A1 = A &
card A1 = k )
by A5, A29;
A32:
( not
S c= A &
A is
finite &
A c= X )
by A9, A28, A31;
A33:
(
S /\ A c= S &
S /\ A c= A )
by XBOOLE_1:17;
card (S /\ A) c= k - 1
by A9, CARD_1:27, XBOOLE_1:17;
then
(
card (S /\ A) in succ (k - 1) &
succ (k - 2) = (k - 2) + 1 )
by A2, A4, NAT_1:39, ORDINAL1:34;
then
(
card (S /\ A) in succ (k - 2) or
card (S /\ A) = k - 1 )
by ORDINAL1:13;
then A35:
card (S /\ A) c= k - 2
by A2, A9, A10, A32, A33, CARD_FIN:1, ORDINAL1:34;
k - 1
< (k - 1) + 1
by A4, NAT_1:13;
then
card S in card A
by A4, A9, A31, NAT_1:45;
then
A \ S <> {}
by CARD_2:4;
then consider x being
set such that A36:
x in A \ S
by XBOOLE_0:def 1;
(
x in A & not
x in S )
by A36, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then A37:
(
card (S \/ {x}) = (k - 1) + 1 &
x in X &
{x} c= A &
{x} c= X )
by A9, A10, A31, CARD_2:54, ZFMISC_1:37;
then A38:
S \/ {x} c= X
by XBOOLE_1:8;
A39:
not
X \ (A \/ S) = {}
proof
assume
X \ (A \/ S) = {}
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then
(
X c= A \/ S &
A \/ S c= X )
by A31, XBOOLE_1:8, XBOOLE_1:37;
then A40:
(
X \ A c= S &
A \/ S = X )
by XBOOLE_0:def 10, XBOOLE_1:43;
S \/ {x} in the
Points of
(G_ k,X)
by A5, A37, A38;
then consider B being
POINT of
(G_ k,X) such that A41:
B = S \/ {x}
;
(
A \/ B = (A \/ S) \/ {x} &
S c= B &
{x} c= A \/ S &
B c= X )
by A37, A41, XBOOLE_1:4, XBOOLE_1:8, XBOOLE_1:10;
then A42:
(
B in K &
A \/ B = A \/ S )
by A9, A37, A41, XBOOLE_1:12;
for
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) holds not
{A2,B} on L
proof
assume
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A2,B} on L
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A43:
{A2,B} on L
;
L in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
;
then consider L1 being
Subset of
X such that A44:
(
L = L1 &
card L1 = k + 1 )
by A6;
(
A2 on L &
B on L )
by A43, INCSP_1:11;
then
(
A c= L &
B c= L )
by A3, A30, Th10;
then
A \/ B c= L
by XBOOLE_1:8;
then
card (A \/ B) c= card L
by CARD_1:27;
then
k + 2
c= card L
by A1, A40, A42, XBOOLE_1:1;
then
k + 1
in k + 1
by A7, A44, ORDINAL1:33;
hence
contradiction
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
contradiction
by A27, A28, A30, A42, Def2;
:: thesis: verum
end;
not
X \ (A \/ S) <> {}
proof
assume
X \ (A \/ S) <> {}
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then consider y being
set such that A45:
y in X \ (A \/ S)
by XBOOLE_0:def 1;
(
y in X & not
y in A \/ S )
by A45, XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then A46:
( not
y in A & not
y in S &
{y} c= X )
by XBOOLE_0:def 3, ZFMISC_1:37;
then A47:
(
card (S \/ {y}) = (k - 1) + 1 &
S \/ {y} c= X )
by A9, A10, CARD_2:54, XBOOLE_1:8;
then
S \/ {y} in the
Points of
(G_ k,X)
by A5;
then consider B being
POINT of
(G_ k,X) such that A48:
B = S \/ {y}
;
(
S c= B &
B c= X )
by A46, A48, XBOOLE_1:7, XBOOLE_1:8;
then A49:
B in K
by A9, A47, A48;
A /\ B c= A /\ S
then
card (A /\ B) c= card (A /\ S)
by CARD_1:27;
then
(
card (A /\ B) c= k - 2 &
succ (k - 2) = (k - 2) + 1 )
by A2, A35, NAT_1:39, XBOOLE_1:1;
then A51:
card (A /\ B) in k - 1
by A2, ORDINAL1:34;
for
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) holds not
{A2,B} on L
proof
assume
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A2,B} on L
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A52:
{A2,B} on L
;
L in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
;
then consider L1 being
Subset of
X such that A53:
(
L = L1 &
card L1 = k + 1 )
by A6;
(
A2 on L &
B on L )
by A52, INCSP_1:11;
then
(
A c= L &
B c= L )
by A3, A30, Th10;
then A54:
A \/ B c= L
by XBOOLE_1:8;
A <> B
then
(
k + 1
c= card (A \/ B) &
card (A \/ B) c= k + 1 )
by A31, A47, A48, A53, A54, Th1, CARD_1:27;
then
(
card (A \/ B) = (k - 1) + (2 * 1) &
card A = (k - 1) + 1 &
card B = (k - 1) + 1 )
by A9, A10, A31, A46, A48, CARD_2:54, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then
card (A /\ B) = k - 1
by A4, Th2;
hence
contradiction
by A51;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
contradiction
by A27, A28, A30, A49, Def2;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
contradiction
by A39;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
K is
maximal_clique
by A11, Def3;
:: thesis: verum
end;
( K is TOP implies K is maximal_clique )
proof
assume
K is
TOP
;
:: thesis: K is maximal_clique
then consider S being
Subset of
X such that A55:
(
card S = k + 1 &
K = { A where A is Subset of X : ( card A = k & A c= S ) } )
by Def5;
A56:
S is
finite
by A55;
A57:
K is
clique
proof
let A,
B be
POINT of
(G_ k,X);
:: according to COMBGRAS:def 2 :: thesis: ( A in K & B in K implies ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L )
assume A58:
(
A in K &
B in K )
;
:: thesis: ex L being LINE of (G_ k,X) st {A,B} on L
then consider A1 being
Subset of
X such that A59:
(
A1 = A &
card A1 = k &
A1 c= S )
by A55;
consider B1 being
Subset of
X such that A60:
(
B1 = B &
card B1 = k &
B1 c= S )
by A55, A58;
S in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
by A6, A55;
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A61:
L = S
;
(
A on L &
B on L )
by A3, A59, A60, A61, Th10;
then
{A,B} on L
by INCSP_1:11;
hence
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A,B} on L
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
for
U being
Subset of the
Points of
(G_ k,X) st
U is
clique &
K c= U holds
U = K
proof
let U be
Subset of the
Points of
(G_ k,X);
:: thesis: ( U is clique & K c= U implies U = K )
assume A62:
(
U is
clique &
K c= U &
U <> K )
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then
not
U c= K
by XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then consider A being
set such that A63:
(
A in U & not
A in K )
by TARSKI:def 3;
A64:
A in the
Points of
(G_ k,X)
by A63;
consider A2 being
POINT of
(G_ k,X) such that A65:
A2 = A
by A63;
consider A1 being
Subset of
X such that A66:
(
A1 = A &
card A1 = k )
by A5, A64;
A67:
( not
A c= S &
A is
finite &
A c= X )
by A55, A63, A66;
then consider x being
set such that A68:
(
x in A & not
x in S )
by TARSKI:def 3;
k <= k + 1
by NAT_1:11;
then A69:
card A c= card S
by A55, A66, NAT_1:40;
card A <> card S
by A55, A66;
then
card A in card S
by A69, CARD_1:13;
then
S \ A <> {}
by CARD_2:4;
then A70:
card (S \ A) <> 0
;
2
c= card (S \ A)
then consider B1 being
set such that A76:
(
B1 c= S \ A &
card B1 = 2 )
by CARD_FIL:36;
A77:
(
B1 c= S &
B1 misses A )
by A76, XBOOLE_1:106;
then A78:
B1 is
finite
by A56;
A79:
card (S \ B1) = (k + 1) - 2
by A55, A56, A76, A77, CARD_2:63;
k - 2
<= (k - 2) + 1
by A2, NAT_1:11;
then
k - 2
c= card (S \ B1)
by A2, A79, NAT_1:40;
then consider B2 being
set such that A80:
(
B2 c= S \ B1 &
card B2 = k - 2 )
by A2, CARD_FIL:36;
A81:
(
B2 c= S &
B2 misses B1 )
by A80, XBOOLE_1:106;
then
(
B2 is
finite &
B1 c= X &
B2 c= X )
by A56, A76, XBOOLE_1:1;
then A82:
(
card (B1 \/ B2) = 2
+ (k - 2) &
B1 \/ B2 c= X &
B1 \/ B2 c= S )
by A76, A77, A78, A80, A81, CARD_2:53, XBOOLE_1:8;
then
B1 \/ B2 in the
Points of
(G_ k,X)
by A5;
then consider B being
POINT of
(G_ k,X) such that A83:
B = B1 \/ B2
;
A84:
(
A /\ B c= A \/ B & not
x in B1 & not
x in B2 &
A \/ B = A \/ (B1 \/ B2) &
B c= S )
by A68, A77, A81, A83, XBOOLE_1:8, XBOOLE_1:29;
A85:
( not
x in B1 \/ B2 &
B1 /\ A = {} &
(B1 /\ A) /\ B c= B1 /\ A &
B in K )
by A55, A68, A77, A82, A83, XBOOLE_0:def 7, XBOOLE_1:17;
A86:
k + 2
c= card (A \/ B)
proof
assume
not
k + 2
c= card (A \/ B)
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then A87:
card (A \/ B) in succ (k + 1)
by A7, ORDINAL1:26;
A88:
{x} \/ B1 misses A /\ B
(
(B1 /\ A) /\ B c= {} &
{x} c= A )
by A68, A85, ZFMISC_1:37;
then
(
(B1 /\ A) /\ B = {} &
B1 c= B &
{x} c= A \/ B )
by A83, XBOOLE_1:10;
then
(
B1 /\ (A /\ B) = {} &
B1 c= A \/ B &
(A /\ B) \/ {x} c= A \/ B )
by A84, XBOOLE_1:8, XBOOLE_1:10, XBOOLE_1:16;
then
((A /\ B) \/ {x}) \/ B1 c= A \/ B
by XBOOLE_1:8;
then A90:
(
(A /\ B) \/ ({x} \/ B1) c= A \/ B &
card (A \/ B) c= k + 1 )
by A87, ORDINAL1:34, XBOOLE_1:4;
(
card (A \/ B) = k + 1 or (
card (A \/ B) in succ k &
A c= A \/ B ) )
by A7, A87, ORDINAL1:13, XBOOLE_1:7;
then
(
card (A \/ B) = k + 1 or (
card (A \/ B) c= k &
k c= card (A \/ B) ) )
by A66, CARD_1:27, ORDINAL1:34;
then
( (
card (A \/ B) = (k - 1) + (2 * 1) or
card (A \/ B) = k + (2 * 0 ) ) &
card A = k + 0 &
card B = k + 0 &
card A = (k - 1) + 1 &
card B = (k - 1) + 1 )
by A66, A82, A83, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then A91:
(
card (A /\ B) = k - 1 or
card (A /\ B) = k )
by A4, Th2;
(
card ({x} \/ B1) = 2
+ 1 &
{x} \/ B1 is
finite &
A /\ B is
finite )
by A67, A76, A78, A84, CARD_2:54;
then
( (
card ((A /\ B) \/ ({x} \/ B1)) = (k - 1) + 3 or
card ((A /\ B) \/ ({x} \/ B1)) = k + 3 ) &
card ((A /\ B) \/ ({x} \/ B1)) c= card (A \/ B) )
by A88, A90, A91, CARD_1:27, CARD_2:53;
then
(
k + 2
c= k + 1 or
k + 3
c= k + 1 )
by A90, XBOOLE_1:1;
then
(
k + 1
in k + 1 or
k + 3
<= k + 1 )
by A7, NAT_1:40, ORDINAL1:33;
hence
contradiction
by XREAL_1:8;
:: thesis: verum
end;
for
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) holds not
{A2,B} on L
proof
assume
ex
L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) st
{A2,B} on L
;
:: thesis: contradiction
then consider L being
LINE of
(G_ k,X) such that A92:
{A2,B} on L
;
L in the
Lines of
(G_ k,X)
;
then consider L1 being
Subset of
X such that A93:
(
L = L1 &
card L1 = k + 1 )
by A6;
(
A2 on L &
B on L )
by A92, INCSP_1:11;
then
(
A c= L &
B c= L )
by A3, A65, Th10;
then
A \/ B c= L
by XBOOLE_1:8;
then
(
k + 1
c= card (A \/ B) &
card (A \/ B) c= k + 1 )
by A66, A68, A82, A83, A85, A93, Th1, CARD_1:27;
then
k + 2
c= k + 1
by A86, XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then
k + 1
in k + 1
by A7, ORDINAL1:33;
hence
contradiction
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
contradiction
by A62, A63, A65, A85, Def2;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
K is
maximal_clique
by A57, Def3;
:: thesis: verum
end;
hence
( ( K is STAR or K is TOP ) implies K is maximal_clique )
by A8; :: thesis: verum