let T be non empty TopSpace; :: thesis: for a, b being Point of T
for P being Path of a,b
for Q being constant Path of a,a st a,b are_connected holds
P + (- P),Q are_homotopic
let a, b be Point of T; :: thesis: for P being Path of a,b
for Q being constant Path of a,a st a,b are_connected holds
P + (- P),Q are_homotopic
let P be Path of a,b; :: thesis: for Q being constant Path of a,a st a,b are_connected holds
P + (- P),Q are_homotopic
let Q be constant Path of a,a; :: thesis: ( a,b are_connected implies P + (- P),Q are_homotopic )
assume A1:
a,b are_connected
; :: thesis: P + (- P),Q are_homotopic
A2:
- P is continuous
by A1, BORSUK_2:def 2;
set S = [:I[01] ,I[01] :];
set S1 = [:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ;
set S2 = [:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ;
set S3 = [:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ;
reconsider e1 = pr1 the carrier of I[01] ,the carrier of I[01] as continuous Function of [:I[01] ,I[01] :],I[01] by YELLOW12:39;
reconsider e2 = pr2 the carrier of I[01] ,the carrier of I[01] as continuous Function of [:I[01] ,I[01] :],I[01] by YELLOW12:40;
A3:
a,a are_connected
;
then reconsider PP = P + (- P) as continuous Path of a,a by BORSUK_2:def 2;
set ff = PP * e1;
reconsider f = (PP * e1) | IAA as Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ),T by PRE_TOPC:30;
reconsider f = f as continuous Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ),T by TOPMETR:10;
A4:
for x being Point of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ) holds f . x = P . (2 * (x `1 ))
proof
let x be
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA );
:: thesis: f . x = P . (2 * (x `1 ))
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )
;
then A5:
x in IAA
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A6:
x in the
carrier of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :]
;
then A7:
x in [:the carrier of I[01] ,the carrier of I[01] :]
by BORSUK_1:def 5;
then A8:
x = [(x `1 ),(x `2 )]
by MCART_1:23;
then A9:
(
x `1 in the
carrier of
I[01] &
x `2 in the
carrier of
I[01] )
by A7, ZFMISC_1:106;
then A10:
e1 . (x `1 ),
(x `2 ) = x `1
by FUNCT_3:def 5;
A11:
x in dom e1
by A6, FUNCT_2:def 1;
A12:
x `1 <= 1
/ 2
by A5, Th67;
f . x =
(PP * e1) . x
by A5, FUNCT_1:72
.=
(P + (- P)) . (e1 . x)
by A11, FUNCT_1:23
.=
P . (2 * (x `1 ))
by A1, A8, A9, A10, A12, BORSUK_2:def 5
;
hence
f . x = P . (2 * (x `1 ))
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
set gg = (- P) * e2;
reconsider gg = (- P) * e2 as continuous Function of [:I[01] ,I[01] :],T by A2;
reconsider g = gg | IBB as Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ),T by PRE_TOPC:30;
reconsider g = g as continuous Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ),T by TOPMETR:10;
A13:
for x being Point of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ) holds g . x = P . (1 - (x `2 ))
proof
let x be
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB );
:: thesis: g . x = P . (1 - (x `2 ))
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
;
then A14:
x in IBB
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A15:
x in the
carrier of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :]
;
then A16:
x in [:the carrier of I[01] ,the carrier of I[01] :]
by BORSUK_1:def 5;
then A17:
x = [(x `1 ),(x `2 )]
by MCART_1:23;
then A18:
(
x `1 in the
carrier of
I[01] &
x `2 in the
carrier of
I[01] )
by A16, ZFMISC_1:106;
then A19:
e2 . (x `1 ),
(x `2 ) = x `2
by FUNCT_3:def 6;
A20:
x in dom e2
by A15, FUNCT_2:def 1;
g . x =
gg . x
by A14, FUNCT_1:72
.=
(- P) . (e2 . x)
by A20, FUNCT_1:23
.=
P . (1 - (x `2 ))
by A1, A17, A18, A19, BORSUK_2:def 6
;
hence
g . x = P . (1 - (x `2 ))
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
set hh = PP * e1;
reconsider h = (PP * e1) | ICC as Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ),T by PRE_TOPC:30;
reconsider h = h as continuous Function of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ),T by TOPMETR:10;
A21:
for x being Point of ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ) holds h . x = (- P) . ((2 * (x `1 )) - 1)
proof
let x be
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC );
:: thesis: h . x = (- P) . ((2 * (x `1 )) - 1)
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
;
then A22:
x in ICC
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A23:
x in the
carrier of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :]
;
then A24:
x in [:the carrier of I[01] ,the carrier of I[01] :]
by BORSUK_1:def 5;
then A25:
x = [(x `1 ),(x `2 )]
by MCART_1:23;
then A26:
(
x `1 in the
carrier of
I[01] &
x `2 in the
carrier of
I[01] )
by A24, ZFMISC_1:106;
then A27:
e1 . (x `1 ),
(x `2 ) = x `1
by FUNCT_3:def 5;
A28:
x in dom e1
by A23, FUNCT_2:def 1;
A29:
x `1 >= 1
/ 2
by A22, Th68;
h . x =
(PP * e1) . x
by A22, FUNCT_1:72
.=
(P + (- P)) . (e1 . x)
by A28, FUNCT_1:23
.=
(- P) . ((2 * (x `1 )) - 1)
by A1, A25, A26, A27, A29, BORSUK_2:def 5
;
hence
h . x = (- P) . ((2 * (x `1 )) - 1)
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
set S12 = [:I[01] ,I[01] :] | (IAA \/ IBB );
reconsider S12 = [:I[01] ,I[01] :] | (IAA \/ IBB ) as non empty SubSpace of [:I[01] ,I[01] :] ;
A30:
the carrier of S12 = IAA \/ IBB
by PRE_TOPC:29;
A31:
[#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ) = IAA
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
A32:
[#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ) = IBB
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
then reconsider s1 = [#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ), s2 = [#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ) as Subset of S12 by A30, A31, XBOOLE_1:7;
A33:
([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )) \/ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )) = [#] S12
by A30, A32, PRE_TOPC:def 10;
A34:
for p being set st p in ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )) holds
f . p = g . p
proof
let p be
set ;
:: thesis: ( p in ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )) implies f . p = g . p )
assume
p in ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB ))
;
:: thesis: f . p = g . p
then
p in ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )) /\ IBB
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
then A35:
p in IAA /\ IBB
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
then consider r being
Point of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] such that A36:
(
r = p &
r `2 = 1
- (2 * (r `1 )) )
by Th65;
A37:
(
p in IAA &
p in IBB )
by A35, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then reconsider pp =
p as
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA ) by PRE_TOPC:29;
A38:
2
* (r `1 ) = 1
- (r `2 )
by A36;
A39:
pp is
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by A37, PRE_TOPC:29;
f . p =
P . (2 * (pp `1 ))
by A4
.=
g . p
by A13, A36, A38, A39
;
hence
f . p = g . p
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
A40:
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA is SubSpace of S12
by TOPMETR:29, XBOOLE_1:7;
A41:
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB is SubSpace of S12
by TOPMETR:29, XBOOLE_1:7;
A42:
s1 is closed
by A31, TOPS_2:34;
s2 is closed
by A32, TOPS_2:34;
then consider fg being Function of S12,T such that
A43:
( fg = f +* g & fg is continuous )
by A33, A34, A40, A41, A42, JGRAPH_2:9;
A44:
[#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ) = ICC
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
reconsider s12 = [#] S12, s3 = [#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ) as Subset of [:I[01] ,I[01] :] by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
A45: ([#] S12) \/ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )) =
(IAA \/ IBB ) \/ ICC
by A30, PRE_TOPC:def 10
.=
[#] [:I[01] ,I[01] :]
by Th64, BORSUK_1:83, BORSUK_1:def 5
;
A46:
for p being set st p in ([#] S12) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )) holds
fg . p = h . p
proof
let p be
set ;
:: thesis: ( p in ([#] S12) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )) implies fg . p = h . p )
assume
p in ([#] S12) /\ ([#] ([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ))
;
:: thesis: fg . p = h . p
then A47:
p in {[(1 / 2),0 ]} \/ (IBB /\ ICC )
by A30, A44, Th80, XBOOLE_1:23;
[(1 / 2),0 ] in IBB /\ ICC
by Th74, Th75, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
{[(1 / 2),0 ]} c= IBB /\ ICC
by ZFMISC_1:37;
then A48:
p in IBB /\ ICC
by A47, XBOOLE_1:12;
then consider q being
Point of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] such that A49:
(
q = p &
q `2 = (2 * (q `1 )) - 1 )
by Th66;
A50:
(
p in IBB &
p in ICC )
by A48, XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then reconsider pp =
p as
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC ) by PRE_TOPC:29;
A51:
pp is
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by A50, PRE_TOPC:29;
A52:
(2 * (pp `1 )) - 1 is
Point of
I[01]
by A49, Th31;
p in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by A50, PRE_TOPC:29;
then
p in dom g
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then fg . p =
g . p
by A43, FUNCT_4:14
.=
P . (1 - (pp `2 ))
by A13, A51
.=
(- P) . ((2 * (pp `1 )) - 1)
by A1, A49, A52, BORSUK_2:def 6
.=
h . p
by A21
;
hence
fg . p = h . p
;
:: thesis: verum
end;
A53:
s12 is closed
by A30, TOPS_1:36;
s3 = ICC
by PRE_TOPC:def 10;
then consider H being Function of [:I[01] ,I[01] :],T such that
A54:
( H = fg +* h & H is continuous )
by A43, A45, A46, A53, JGRAPH_2:9;
A55:
for s being Point of I[01] holds
( H . s,0 = (P + (- P)) . s & H . s,1 = Q . s )
proof
let s be
Point of
I[01] ;
:: thesis: ( H . s,0 = (P + (- P)) . s & H . s,1 = Q . s )
thus
H . s,
0 = (P + (- P)) . s
:: thesis: H . s,1 = Q . sproof
A56:
[s,0 ] `1 = s
by MCART_1:7;
per cases
( s < 1 / 2 or s = 1 / 2 or s > 1 / 2 )
by XXREAL_0:1;
suppose A57:
s < 1
/ 2
;
:: thesis: H . s,0 = (P + (- P)) . sthen A58:
[s,0 ] in IAA
by Th78;
not
[s,0 ] in ICC
by A57, Th79;
then
not
[s,0 ] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A59:
not
[s,0 ] in dom h
;
A60:
[s,0 ] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )
by A58, PRE_TOPC:29;
not
[s,0 ] in IBB
by A57, Th79;
then
not
[s,0 ] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A61:
not
[s,0 ] in dom g
;
H . [s,0 ] =
fg . [s,0 ]
by A54, A59, FUNCT_4:12
.=
f . [s,0 ]
by A43, A61, FUNCT_4:12
.=
P . (2 * s)
by A4, A56, A60
.=
(P + (- P)) . s
by A1, A57, BORSUK_2:def 5
;
hence
H . s,
0 = (P + (- P)) . s
;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A62:
s = 1
/ 2
;
:: thesis: H . s,0 = (P + (- P)) . sthen A63:
[s,0 ] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by Th74, PRE_TOPC:29;
then
[s,0 ] in dom h
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then H . [s,0 ] =
h . [s,0 ]
by A54, FUNCT_4:14
.=
(- P) . ((2 * s) - 1)
by A21, A56, A63
.=
b
by A1, A62, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
P . (2 * (1 / 2))
by A1, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
(P + (- P)) . s
by A1, A62, BORSUK_2:def 5
;
hence
H . s,
0 = (P + (- P)) . s
;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A64:
s > 1
/ 2
;
:: thesis: H . s,0 = (P + (- P)) . sthen
[s,0 ] in ICC
by Th77;
then A65:
[s,0 ] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then
[s,0 ] in dom h
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then H . [s,0 ] =
h . [s,0 ]
by A54, FUNCT_4:14
.=
(- P) . ((2 * s) - 1)
by A21, A56, A65
.=
(P + (- P)) . s
by A1, A64, BORSUK_2:def 5
;
hence
H . s,
0 = (P + (- P)) . s
;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end;
thus
H . s,1
= Q . s
:: thesis: verumproof
A66:
(
[s,1] `1 = s &
[s,1] `2 = 1 )
by MCART_1:7;
dom Q = the
carrier of
I[01]
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then A67:
(
0 in dom Q &
s in dom Q )
by BORSUK_1:86;
per cases
( s <> 1 or s = 1 )
;
suppose
s <> 1
;
:: thesis: H . s,1 = Q . sthen
not
[s,1] in ICC
by Th71;
then
not
[s,1] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A68:
not
[s,1] in dom h
;
[s,1] in IBB
by Th73;
then A69:
[s,1] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A70:
[s,1] in dom g
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
H . [s,1] =
fg . [s,1]
by A54, A68, FUNCT_4:12
.=
g . [s,1]
by A43, A70, FUNCT_4:14
.=
P . (1 - 1)
by A13, A66, A69
.=
a
by A1, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
Q . 0
by A3, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
Q . s
by A67, FUNCT_1:def 16
;
hence
H . s,1
= Q . s
;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A71:
s = 1
;
:: thesis: H . s,1 = Q . sthen A72:
[s,1] in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by Th74, PRE_TOPC:29;
then
[s,1] in dom h
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then H . [s,1] =
h . [s,1]
by A54, FUNCT_4:14
.=
(- P) . ((2 * s) - 1)
by A21, A66, A72
.=
a
by A1, A71, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
Q . 0
by A3, BORSUK_2:def 2
.=
Q . s
by A67, FUNCT_1:def 16
;
hence
H . s,1
= Q . s
;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end;
end;
for t being Point of I[01] holds
( H . 0 ,t = a & H . 1,t = a )
proof
let t be
Point of
I[01] ;
:: thesis: ( H . 0 ,t = a & H . 1,t = a )
thus
H . 0 ,
t = a
:: thesis: H . 1,t = aproof
0 in the
carrier of
I[01]
by BORSUK_1:86;
then reconsider x =
[0 ,t] as
Point of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] by Lm1;
x in IAA
by Th69;
then A73:
x is
Point of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IAA )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
A74:
(
x `1 = 0 &
x `2 = t )
by MCART_1:7;
then
not
x in ICC
by Th68;
then
not
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then A75:
not
[0 ,t] in dom h
;
per cases
( t <> 1 or t = 1 )
;
suppose
t <> 1
;
:: thesis: H . 0 ,t = athen
not
x in IBB
by Th70;
then
not
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by PRE_TOPC:29;
then
not
x in dom g
;
then fg . [0 ,t] =
f . [0 ,t]
by A43, FUNCT_4:12
.=
P . (2 * (x `1 ))
by A4, A73
.=
a
by A1, A74, BORSUK_2:def 2
;
hence
H . 0 ,
t = a
by A54, A75, FUNCT_4:12;
:: thesis: verum end; suppose A76:
t = 1
;
:: thesis: H . 0 ,t = athen A77:
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | IBB )
by Th72, PRE_TOPC:29;
then
x in dom g
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then fg . [0 ,t] =
g . [0 ,1]
by A43, A76, FUNCT_4:14
.=
P . (1 - (x `2 ))
by A13, A76, A77
.=
a
by A1, A74, A76, BORSUK_2:def 2
;
hence
H . 0 ,
t = a
by A54, A75, FUNCT_4:12;
:: thesis: verum end; end;
end;
thus
H . 1,
t = a
:: thesis: verumproof
1
in the
carrier of
I[01]
by BORSUK_1:86;
then reconsider x =
[1,t] as
Point of
[:I[01] ,I[01] :] by Lm1;
A78:
x in ICC
by Th76;
A79:
(
x `1 = 1 &
x `2 = t )
by MCART_1:7;
A80:
x in the
carrier of
([:I[01] ,I[01] :] | ICC )
by A78, PRE_TOPC:29;
then A81:
[1,t] in dom h
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
h . [1,t] =
(- P) . ((2 * (x `1 )) - 1)
by A21, A80
.=
a
by A1, A79, BORSUK_2:def 2
;
hence
H . 1,
t = a
by A54, A81, FUNCT_4:14;
:: thesis: verum
end;
end;
hence
P + (- P),Q are_homotopic
by A54, A55, BORSUK_2:def 7; :: thesis: verum